{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:05:13Z","timestamp":1785427513166,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spontaneous emphysematous splenitis is a life\u2010threatening condition reported rarely in humans; however, published reports in dogs are currently lacking. The aim of this multicentric, retrospective, case series design study was to describe radiographic and ultrasonographic imaging findings in Golden Retriever dogs diagnosed with spontaneous emphysematous splenitis. A total of three dogs were sampled. All dogs had a history of lethargy, diarrhea, and weight loss. Radiographic findings in all dogs included a mass effect with focal or multifocal coalescing \u201cvesicular\u2010like\u201d gas pattern in the splenic region and focal loss of serosal detail. Ultrasonographic findings in all dogs included focal or multifocal irregularly shaped, hypoechoic areas containing a mixture of hyperechoic fluid and gas within the splenic parenchyma, hyperechoic abdominal free fluid, and generalized hyperechoic mesenteric fat without evidence of splenic torsion. Pneumoperitoneum was detected ultrasonographically and radiographically in two dogs. All three dogs underwent splenectomy and splenic torsion was definitively ruled out at surgery. One dog died three days after surgery, whereas the other two dogs recovered uneventfully. Culture of the splenic tissue and free abdominal fluid was positive for <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic> spp. in all three cases. Findings supported inclusion of spontaneous emphysematous splenitis and septic peritonitis as differential diagnoses for dogs with this combination of clinical and imaging characteristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]],"date-time":"2020-12-16T21:26:29Z","timestamp":1608153989000},"page":"309-315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Spontaneous emphysematous splenitis: Radiographic and ultrasonographic findings in three Golden Retriever dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0880-7944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierantonio","family":"Battiato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Department Pride Veterinary Centre  Derby UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9287-8931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yordan","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Veterinario Puchol  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Salg\u00fcero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Veterinario Puchol  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2392-9202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa","family":"Novellas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, and Hospital Cl\u00ednic Veterinari Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1556-6587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yvonne","family":"Espada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, and Hospital Cl\u00ednic Veterinari Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Biller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Kansas State University  Kansas Manhattan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6894-310X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Anselmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Department Pride Veterinary Centre  Derby UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985816653989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2010.01775.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-014-0201-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15648"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201512-2545IM"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4899-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-007-9225-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/147.6.1105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01700564"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1622.2000.01777.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4406-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.161.1.8517327"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2003.013144"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638720905830"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.15-0210"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"501","article-title":"What is your diagnosis? 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