{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:52:25Z","timestamp":1792687945861,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgical treatment has improved the prognosis of canine idiopathic chylothorax, although a recurrence of the disease occurs occasionally after the procedure. An improved understanding of possible causes for this recurrence would be helpful for prognosis and treatment planning in affected patients. In this retrospective case series study, we described the detailed pre\u2010 and postoperative computed tomographic lymphography (CTLG) imaging characteristics for a group of dogs with surgically confirmed idiopathic chylothorax. Preoperative CTLG was performed in 12 of 14 dogs diagnosed with idiopathic chylothorax. Thoracic ducts were present on the right side in 10 dogs, left side in one dog, and bilaterally in one dog. All the 14 dogs received a combination therapy of pericardiectomy and thoracic duct ligation (TDL) by video\u2010assisted thoracoscopic surgery. One week after surgery, a postoperative CTLG was performed, and the thoracic ducts were apparent in seven of 14 dogs. Three dogs had an unchanged course of the thoracic duct, which could have resulted from a missed duct. Four dogs were identified as having a bypass formation: the oblique duct originated at the ligation site and connected to the duct on the other side. Our findings indicated that one of the possible causes for postoperative recurrence of chylothorax in dogs could be \u201cinvisible or sleeping\u201d fine ducts that are collapsed and not visible in preoperative CTLG scans. After TDL causes a change in the pressure of lymphatic flow, these fine thoracic ducts may become apparent using postoperative CTLG.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T17:58:28Z","timestamp":1615226308000},"page":"429-436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Canine idiopathic chylothorax: Anatomic characterization of the pre\u2010 and postoperative thoracic duct using computed tomography lymphography"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Hiroo","family":"Kanai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kanai Veterinary Surgery  Himeji Japan"},{"name":"Study Group of Small Animal Minimally Invasive Treatment (SAMIT)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3276-7903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaru","family":"Furuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Science Osaka Prefecture University  Izumisano Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kensuke","family":"Yoneji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nara Animal Referral Clinic  Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Hagiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Study Group of Small Animal Minimally Invasive Treatment (SAMIT)"},{"name":"Department of Digestive Surgery Nihon University School of Medicine  Chiyoda Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Nukaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Study Group of Small Animal Minimally Invasive Treatment (SAMIT)"},{"name":"Aya Animal Hospital  Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoki","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Study Group of Small Animal Minimally Invasive Treatment (SAMIT)"},{"name":"Apple Tree Animal Hospital  Anjo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihide","family":"Aso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Study Group of Small Animal Minimally Invasive Treatment (SAMIT)"},{"name":"Animal Medical Center ALOHA  Fukuyama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayako","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kanai Veterinary Surgery  Himeji Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazumi","family":"Sasai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Science Osaka Prefecture University  Izumisano Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2004.tb02550.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2009.00623.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2011.00902.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.163.25.743"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2010.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13113"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.239.1.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2008.00473.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2011.00860.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.11-0214"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2006.00160.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13324"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12851"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-015-4112-6"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"157","article-title":"The accessory thoracic duct in a dog","volume":"79","author":"Gomer\u010di\u0107 MD","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet Arh"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2008.00437.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.241.7.904"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13370"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2001.219.1590"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Radiology &amp; 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