{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:20:22Z","timestamp":1787016022205,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]],"date-time":"2022-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is characterized by the proliferation of large malignant lymphocytes within the lumen of blood vessels. This retrospective, multi\u2010center, case series study aimed to describe the MRI features of confirmed central nervous system IVL in dogs and compare them with histopathological findings. Medical record databases from seven veterinary centers were searched for cases of histologically confirmed IVL. Dogs were included if an MRI was performed. The MRI studies and histopathology samples were reviewed to compare the MRI changes with the histopathological findings. Twelve dogs met the inclusion criteria (12 brains and three spinal cords). Imaging of the brains revealed multifocal T2\u2010weighted\/FLAIR hyperintense and T1\u2010weighted iso\u2010hypointense lesions, with variable contrast enhancement; areas of abnormal diffusion both in arterial and venous territories in diffusion\u2010weighted imaging; and meningeal enhancement. On gradient echo images (GRE), the changes comprised tubular susceptibility artifacts, consistent with the \u201csusceptibility vessel sign\u201d, and additional variably sized\/shaped intraparenchymal susceptibility artifacts. Spinal cord lesions presented as fusiform T2\u2010weighted hyperintensities with scattered susceptibility artifacts on GRE and variable parenchymal and meningeal contrast enhancement. On histopathology, subarachnoid hemorrhages and neuroparenchymal areas of edema and necrosis, with or without hemorrhage, indicating ischemic and hemorrhagic infarctions, were found. These lesions were concurrent with severely dilated meningeal and parenchymal arteries and veins plugged by neoplastic lymphocytes and fibrin. Due to the unique angiocentric distribution of IVL, ischemic and hemorrhagic infarcts of variable chronicity affecting both the arterial and venous territories associated with thrombi formation can be detected on MRI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,4]],"date-time":"2022-11-04T00:53:37Z","timestamp":1667523217000},"page":"294-305","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["MRI ischemic and hemorrhagic lesions in arterial and venous territories characterize central nervous system intravascular lymphoma in dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8048-6412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Mattei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Department (Mattei, Specchi) and Neurology Department (Biserni) Ospedale Veterinario \u201cI Portoni Rossi\u201d, Anicura Italy  Zola Predosa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Oevermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health (Oevermann) Division of Clinical Radiology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine (Schweizer) Division of Small Animal Surgery, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences (Guevar) Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Schweizer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health (Oevermann) Division of Clinical Radiology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine (Schweizer) Division of Small Animal Surgery, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences (Guevar) Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Guevar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurological Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health (Oevermann) Division of Clinical Radiology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine (Schweizer) Division of Small Animal Surgery, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences (Guevar) Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8636-5040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas W.","family":"Maddox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Sciences\u2010 Institute of Life Course and Medical Science\u2010 Faculty of Health &amp; Life Sciences (Maddox) Department of Veterinary Science\u2010 School of Veterinary Science (Fleming) Department of Veterinary Anatomy\u2010 Physiology and Pathology\u2010 Institute of Infection\u2010 Veterinary and Ecological Sciences (Ricci) University of Liverpool  Neston UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn L.","family":"Fleming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Sciences\u2010 Institute of Life Course and Medical Science\u2010 Faculty of Health &amp; Life Sciences (Maddox) Department of Veterinary Science\u2010 School of Veterinary Science (Fleming) Department of Veterinary Anatomy\u2010 Physiology and Pathology\u2010 Institute of Infection\u2010 Veterinary and Ecological Sciences (Ricci) University of Liverpool  Neston UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Sciences\u2010 Institute of Life Course and Medical Science\u2010 Faculty of Health &amp; Life Sciences (Maddox) Department of Veterinary Science\u2010 School of Veterinary Science (Fleming) Department of Veterinary Anatomy\u2010 Physiology and Pathology\u2010 Institute of Infection\u2010 Veterinary and Ecological Sciences (Ricci) University of Liverpool  Neston UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Rosati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Clinical &amp; Comparative Neuropathology, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010Universit\u00e4t  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Biserni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Department (Mattei, Specchi) and Neurology Department (Biserni) Ospedale Veterinario \u201cI Portoni Rossi\u201d, Anicura Italy  Zola Predosa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3943-7915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John F. Griffin","family":"IV","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&amp;M University  College Station Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angie","family":"Rupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Hospital (Gutierrez\u2010Quintana) Division of Pathology, Public Health and Disease Investigation (Rupp), School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3570-2542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Gutierrez\u2010Quintana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Hospital (Gutierrez\u2010Quintana) Division of Pathology, Public Health and Disease Investigation (Rupp), School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Masseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Montreal  Saint\u2010Hyacinthe Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly M.","family":"Newkirk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences (Newkirk) Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Hecht) University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine  Knoxville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8805-836X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silke","family":"Hecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences (Newkirk) Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (Hecht) University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine  Knoxville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5305-0245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swan","family":"Specchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Imaging Department (Mattei, Specchi) and Neurology Department (Biserni) Ospedale Veterinario \u201cI Portoni Rossi\u201d, Anicura Italy  Zola Predosa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.776"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.08.2313"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.033662"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(00)80223-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985818806059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.269"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-165X.2011.00399.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-018-3481-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16081"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2770"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"427","article-title":"Cerebral MR imaging in intravascular lymphomatosis","volume":"19","author":"Williams RL","year":"1998","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2004.01613.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2004.05177.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"239","article-title":"Angiotropic large cell lymphoma with imaging characteristics of CNS vasculitis","volume":"23","author":"Song DK","year":"2002","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000334130"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2001.tb00977.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/0390090"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vetreccr-2018-000667"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13424"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2015.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2010.01786.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315121055","volume-title":"Diagnostic MRI in dogs and cats","author":"Mai W","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199611000-00033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2020.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diii.2014.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e31820a8364"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/197140091102400219"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","first-page":"261","article-title":"Diffusion\u2010weighted imaging patterns of brain damage associated with cerebral venous thrombosis","volume":"22","author":"Ducreux D","year":"2001","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000079939"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-012-0260-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","first-page":"450","article-title":"Evidence of cytotoxic edema in the pathogenesis of cerebral venous infarction","volume":"22","author":"Forbes KPN","year":"2001","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002340050775"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.325115760"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.203"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000206282.85610.ae"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076727"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000185932.73486.7a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.605576"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13324"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jcpa.2002.0553"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Radiology &amp; Ultrasound"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vru.13165","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vru.13165","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vru.13165","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T10:27:17Z","timestamp":1692613637000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vru.13165"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vru.13165"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vru.13165","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-8183","1740-8261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-8183","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-8261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-04-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}