{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T01:48:22Z","timestamp":1783993702417,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,6]],"date-time":"2022-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thoracic radiography is commonly used to assess the size of the heart and diagnose cardiac disease in ferrets. Several standardized radiographic heart size indicators have been introduced in this species and values in healthy ferrets have been reported. To date, none of these indicators has been tested in ferrets with cardiac disease. The aim of this prospective and retrospective, analytical observational design study was to assess the accuracy of the modified vertebral heart score (mVHS) and the cardio\u2010vertebral ratio (CVR) in the radiographic detection of cardiomegaly in ferrets. Thoracic radiographs of 24 ferrets with confirmed heart diseases, 22 ferrets with non\u2010cardiac diseases and normal\u2010sized hearts on echocardiogram, and 24 healthy ferrets were mixed and examined by three independent and blinded radiologists who measured mVHS and CVR in right lateral (RL) and ventrodorsal (VD) radiographs. For all readers, ferrets with cardiac disease had significantly higher mVHS and CVR than ferrets without cardiac disease on echocardiography. Optimal cut\u2010points for predicting cardiac enlargement were 6.25 vertebrae and 7.25 vertebrae for RL\u2010mVHS and VD\u2010mVHS, and 1.58 and 1.80 for RL\u2010CVR and VD\u2010CVR, respectively. Using these cut\u2010points, the accuracy was good for indicators measured in RL radiographs (92.9% for RL\u2010mVHS; 91.4% for RL\u2010CVR) and moderate for indicators measured in VD radiographs (88.6% for VD\u2010mVHS; 85.7% for VD\u2010CVR). Findings supported the use of mVHS and CVR for evaluating the size of the heart in diseased ferrets, with caution in values interpretation when pericardial fat prevents precise delineation of the cardiac silhouette contour especially on VD radiographs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,7]],"date-time":"2022-11-07T05:30:50Z","timestamp":1667799050000},"page":"173-182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Accuracy of the modified vertebral heart score and the cardio\u2010vertebral ratio for radiographic evaluation of cardiomegaly in ferrets"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Pierre\u2010Olivier","family":"Godart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d'Imagerie M\u00e9dicale ADVETIA Centre Hospitalier V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire V\u00e9lizy\u2010Villacoublay France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yannick","family":"Ruel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d'Imagerie M\u00e9dicale ADVETIA Centre Hospitalier V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire V\u00e9lizy\u2010Villacoublay France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mileva","family":"Bertal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d'Imagerie M\u00e9dicale ADVETIA Centre Hospitalier V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire V\u00e9lizy\u2010Villacoublay France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanti","family":"Esmieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging Dick White Referrals Six Mile Bottom Cambridgeshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vassiliki","family":"Gouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Cardiologie ADVETIA Centre Hospitalier V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire V\u00e9lizy\u2010Villacoublay France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Agoulon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRAE, Oniris, UMR BIOEPAR Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0804-1774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugues","family":"Gaillot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d'Imagerie M\u00e9dicale ADVETIA Centre Hospitalier V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire V\u00e9lizy\u2010Villacoublay France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.241.11.1484"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2008.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2000.tb01870.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2004.04040.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(00)50027-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.146.24.687"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1999.tb00886.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1995.206.02.194","article-title":"Vertebral scale system to measure canine heart size in radiographs","volume":"206","author":"Buchanan JW","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.71.355"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.795947"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","first-page":"483","article-title":"Respiratory disorders in ferrets","volume":"12","author":"Lennox AM","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2007.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2007.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2005.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","first-page":"221","volume-title":"Biology and Diseases of the Ferret","author":"Fox J","year":"1998"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Radiology &amp; 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