{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:22:35Z","timestamp":1787016155505,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pyloric outflow obstructions can be caused by several types of lesions. When a thickened gastric wall and pyloric mass are detected, malignant neoplasia must be differentiated from chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy. CT can characterize gastric tumors. However, based on the authors\u2019 review of the literature, there is limited information about the CT findings of pyloric lesions. The purpose of this retrospective case series study was to assess the CT findings of canine pyloric lesions. The following CT parameters were recorded: anatomical area, involved area, lesion shape, growth patterns of wall thickening lesions, enhancement pattern of the lesion in the early and delayed phases, lymphomegaly, and pulmonary metastasis. Seventeen dogs were included in this study and had the following final diagnoses: hyperplasia (five dogs), adenoma (five dogs), adenocarcinoma (three dogs), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST; two dogs), polyposis (one dog), and pyogenic granuloma (one dog). Hyperplasia, adenoma, and polyposis formed mass lesions that involved the mucosal layer. Lymphomegaly was detected in two Jack Russell terriers with hyperplasia; however, the causes were unknown because we did not perform biopsies. All adenocarcinomas formed wall\u2010thickened lesion that involved the outer layer, with lymphomegaly. All GISTs formed mass lesion that involved the outer layer. The pyogenic granulomas formed symmetric wall\u2010thickened lesion that involved the mucosal and outer layers. CT facilitated the characterization of canine pyloric lesions using contrast enhancement, based on the involved area and lesion shape. However, polyposis may require caution in diagnosis based on CT findings alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T04:25:05Z","timestamp":1672028705000},"page":"262-270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Contrast\u2010enhanced CT features of pyloric lesions in 17 dogs: Case series"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7911-913X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery School of veterinary Science Osaka Metropolitan University  Izumisano\u2010shi Osaka Japan"},{"name":"Kinki Animal Medical Training Institute &amp; Veterinary Clinic  Higashiosaka Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Wada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Center School of veterinary Science Osaka Metropolitan University  Izumisano\u2010shi Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunsuke","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology School of veterinary Science Osaka Metropolitan University  Izumisano\u2010shi Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidetaka","family":"Nishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery School of veterinary Science Osaka Metropolitan University  Izumisano\u2010shi Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Akiyoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery School of veterinary Science Osaka Metropolitan University  Izumisano\u2010shi Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"196","article-title":"Gastric outflow surgical problems","volume":"1","author":"Walter MC","year":"1989","journal-title":"Probl Vet Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2009.01517.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1993.tb01028.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.91.20.474"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"1168","article-title":"Esophageal\/gastric leiomyoma in the laboratory Beagle","volume":"183","author":"Culbertson R","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1994.tb00174.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1999.tb03062.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12467"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12677"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12980"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2012.01969.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1754-9485.2011.02329.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12075"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(99)50029-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030098587801500503"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.13-0315"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12249"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2015.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.52.1133"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-004-1013-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgaa045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.40-1-42"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.183.4.1830893"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Radiology &amp; 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