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The aim of this prospective, analytical study was to evaluate the reliability of ultrasound in identifying PG, to define the ultrasound dimension of the gland in a group of rats with no evidence of pituitary diseases, and to examine its correlations with age, sex, and weight. After localizing the PG with an MRI study on one rat, the gland was identified in 21 rats by ultrasound by two sonographers using a ventral neck approach and a transversal scan with a linear probe. The gland appears as a hypoechoic oval structure with a thin hyperechoic margin. The rats (15 male and 6 female) ranged from 4 to 18 months in age (median 6 months) and from 270 to 640\u00a0g in weight (median 370\u00a0g). The median pituitary width was 3.96\u00a0mm (interquartile range 25\u201375%: 6\u20134.5\u00a0mm), and the median height was 1.48\u00a0mm (interquartile range 25\u201375%: 1.3\u20131.67\u00a0mm). There was no statistically significant correlation between PG size and rat weight, gender, or age. We believe that these ultrasound measurements could be useful for the diagnosis of pituitary disease, irrespective of whether neurological symptoms are present. We report a clinical case of a rat with a pituitary mass detected by ultrasound and CT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T03:04:42Z","timestamp":1698807882000},"page":"1081-1089","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Sonography of the pituitary gland in pet rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7896-2053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tina","family":"Pelligra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences Veterinary Teaching Hospital Mario Modenato University of Pisa  Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Petrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences Veterinary Teaching Hospital Mario Modenato University of Pisa  Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5313-0621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caterina","family":"Puccinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences Veterinary Teaching Hospital Mario Modenato University of Pisa  Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Unti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Veterinaria Valdinievole  Monsummano Terme Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8211-9248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simonetta","family":"Citi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences Veterinary Teaching Hospital Mario Modenato University of Pisa  Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"The Biology and Medicine of Rabbits and Rodents","author":"Harkness JE","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2004.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.102728"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","volume-title":"BSAVA Manual of Rodents and Ferrets","author":"Keeble E","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278\u20106915(85)90071\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2017.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1538\/expanim.50.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"261","volume-title":"Exotic Animals","author":"Collins BR","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1293\/tox.2020\u20100050"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.239.5.656"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2016.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12852"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1995.206.10.1575","article-title":"Effect of surgical removal of subcutaneous tumors on survival of rats","volume":"206","author":"Hotchkiss CE","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2006.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/12.2.289"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910070305"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30466\/vrf.2018.33073"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439\u20100264.2010.00995.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"RobertsonJ SippelK WallC et\u00a0al.Feasibility of ultrasonography for the assessment of the tympanic bullae and pituitary gland in cadaveric rats (Rattus norvegicus). 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