{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T17:32:09Z","timestamp":1784827929326,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this retrospective clinical study was to determine if airway or thoracic cavity measurements in pugs, particularly the left cranial lung lobe, were significantly different from brachycephalic and mesocephalic control. Thoracic computed tomographic studies of 10 pugs, French bulldogs (FB), and Jack Russell Terriers (JRT) were analyzed. Thoracic height: width ratio (H:W), cross\u2010sectional areas of the left mainstem bronchus (CSA LMB), left cranial lung lobe bronchus (CSA LCrBr), left caudal lung lobe bronchus (CSA LCauBr), CSA LCrBr relative to length (CSA LCrBr\/length) and CSA LCauBr\/length were measured and adjusted to body weight (\/kg). CSA LMB\/kg, CSA LCauBr\/length\/kg, and CSA LCrBr\/length \/kg were smaller in pugs and FB compared with JRT (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a0.05), but no differences were found between pugs and FB. Cross\u2010sectional areas of left cranial lung lobe bronchus \/kg and CSA LCauBr\/kg were smaller in pugs than JRT (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a0.05), but no differences were found between pugs and FB or FB and JRT. No difference was found in thoracic H:W between any breeds. This demonstrated that pugs and FB had significantly narrower bronchi CSA\/lengths ratios compared with JRT, but this was not limited to the LCBr. Airway measurements were not significantly different between brachycephalic breeds; therefore, the pugs\u2019 predisposition to left cranial lung lobe torsion cannot be solely explained by narrower lower airways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T06:03:41Z","timestamp":1709186621000},"page":"255-263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Computer tomography measurements of the airway and thoracic cavity do not provide support for bronchial conformation as a predisposing factor of left cranial lung lobe torsion in pugs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9949-4132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nick","family":"Gall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Veterinary School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Butts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Veterinary School University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume P.","family":"Chanoit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VetAgroSup \u2013 Veterinary Campus Lyon  Marcy L'Etoile France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison C.","family":"Major","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Langford Vets, University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"60","article-title":"Lung lobe torsion in 35 dogs and 4 cats","volume":"60","author":"Benavides KL","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.1.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13406"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vetreccr-2018-000655"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.251.12.1450"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.235.7.835"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2005.00179.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12829"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12526"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-37-2-128"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"Freestudy.co.uk. 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