{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T20:25:29Z","timestamp":1785443129035,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the pyloroduodenal junction (PDJ), an increase in wall echogenicity is frequently observed. A prospective study was performed to assess the PDJ sonographically in 175 adults and small dogs (&gt;1 year old, &lt;11.4\u00a0kg (25\u00a0lb)) over 12 months to evaluate the prevalence of this finding. Additionally, changes in echogenicity were correlated with histology in 14 postmortem specimens. A scoring system of echogenicity change centered on the mucosa and submucosa of the PDJ was implemented; 0: no change, 1: mild, 2: moderate to marked. Other included parameters were age, sex, breed, gastric distention, gastric contents, and reported vomiting at the time of presentation. Hyperechogenicity of the PDJ was highly prevalent (scores 1 and 2: 85.7%). No statistical association between hyperechogenicity of the PDJ and age, sex, gastric distention, gastric contents, or vomiting was identified. Hyperechogenicity of the PDJ is thought to represent an anatomical transition zone, and based on histology, hyperechogenicity of the PDJ may represent a variation in distribution and amount of fibrous connective tissue, glandular number, and glandular dilation within the submucosa and mucosa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T09:35:56Z","timestamp":1708335356000},"page":"238-245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hyperechogenicity of the pyloroduodenal junction in small dogs: Population prevalence in 175 dogs and histological correlation in 14 specimens"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6189-6221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamie","family":"Balducci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine  North Grafton Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesar","family":"Piedra\u2010Mora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Global Health Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine  North Grafton Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Antech Diagnostics  Fountain Valley California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Jennings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoetis Reference Labs  Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agustina","family":"Anson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine  North Grafton Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Penninck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine  North Grafton Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1996.57.09.1266"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2011.01918.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2003.64.1099"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1989.tb01799.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"259","volume-title":"Atlas of small animal ultrasonography","author":"Penninck D","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2007.00204.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2009.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12034"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12384"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2004.04029.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12392"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2010.01679.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1998.tb01618.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12980"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2008.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15507"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2009.01625.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1994.tb00175.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2003.tb00509.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2011.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3844\/ajavsp.2020.89.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1994.tb00174.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2009.01517.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","volume-title":"Digestive system (apparatus digestorius) in Veterinary Histology of Domestic Mammals and Birds: Textbook and Colour Atlas","author":"Liebich HD","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2015.10.181"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Radiology &amp; 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