{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T19:41:31Z","timestamp":1787946091960,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In humans and dogs, especially brachycephalics, enlargement of the esophageal hiatus and insufficiency have been correlated with decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure and increased frequency of gastroesophageal reflux. In cats, it has been suggested that gastroesophageal reflux occurs frequently with upper airway obstruction, including brachycephalics. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine whether the esophageal hiatal cross\u2010sectional surface area (EH\u2010CSA) differs between brachycephalic and nonbrachycephalic cats. Clinical records and CT images of cats that underwent thoracic, abdominal, and entire skull CT at multiple centers between January 2015 and September 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Esophageal hiatal parameters (EH\u2010CSA, EH\u2010long axis diameter, and EH\u2010short axis diameter) and craniometric indices (cranial index, skull index, and facial index) were measured by using multiplanar reconstruction, and the correlation of craniometry with EH\u2010CSA was investigated. Ninety\u2010eight cats (group 1: 42 brachycephalic cats and group 2: 56 nonbrachycephalic cats) were included. Esophageal hiatal cross\u2010sectional surface area in brachycephalic cats was significantly larger than that in nonbrachycephalic cats. The EH\u2010CSA significantly increased with the craniometric indices tending to increase with brachycephalism. The present study contributes to the veterinary literature by providing the EH\u2010CSA as anatomical evidence that could likely correlate to gastroesophageal reflux predisposition in brachycephalic cats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T09:44:31Z","timestamp":1721209471000},"page":"650-658","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A correlation of computed tomographic esophageal hiatal cross\u2010sectional surface area between brachycephalic and nonbrachycephalic cats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Uhjin","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine Chungbuk National University  Cheongju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiyoung","family":"Ban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine Chungbuk National University  Cheongju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinhwa","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Animal Medical Center  Cheongju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwangyong","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Daejeon Animal Medical Center Soop: FOREST  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byeongjin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bon Animal Medical Center  Suwon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solji","family":"In","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Daejeon Sungsim Animal Medical Center  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihyeon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lucid Medical Center  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyounglok","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SKY Animal Medical Center  Cheonan South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan","family":"Huh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S Animal Medical Center  Yangsan South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9091-6957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Namsoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine Chungbuk National University  Cheongju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7721-773X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongwoo","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine Chungbuk National University  Cheongju South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jmas.JMAS_175_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2007.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4804(70)90051-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(99)80096-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The relationship of hiatal hernia and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms? 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