{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T10:43:28Z","timestamp":1777632208615,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014189","name":"Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture and Forestry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102024\u201000398561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102024\u201000398561"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014189","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LTV) is an abnormally formed vertebra that can be associated with cauda equina syndrome, lumbosacral (LS) degeneration, and pelvic rotation. However, there is little information on LTV in small\u2010breed dogs, and no studies have investigated the association between LTV and LS diseases or degenerative changes in the coxofemoral joints. The purpose of this multicenter, retrospective, and cross\u2010sectional study was to determine the prevalence of LTV in small\u2010breed dogs (&lt;10\u00a0kg), classify the type of LTV, and identify its association with degenerative changes in the LS and coxofemoral joints using CT images. Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae were divided into four types based on their morphological characteristics. Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae were detected in 127 of 812 dogs (15.6 %). The prevalence of LTV was higher in French bulldogs (33.3%), Schnauzers (33.3%), and Dachshunds (25%) than in other breeds. Type 2 was the most common, with morphological variations in the transverse processes, and 36.2% of the LTV group showed multiple types of LTV. Dogs with LTV tended to have LS spondylosis deformans (OR, 2.8) and pelvic rotation (OR, 6.4) compared with dogs without LTV. Type 4 LTV was significantly associated with pelvic rotation (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). This is the first study to investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and characteristics of LTV in small\u2010breed dogs using CT images. The results of this study may contribute to a better understanding of this congenital anomaly in small\u2010breed dogs. CT can evaluate LTV, which could predispose a dog to LS spondylosis deformans or pelvic rotation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T23:36:53Z","timestamp":1734392213000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae in small\u2010breed dogs: Prevalence, classification, and characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Uhjin","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine Chungbuk National University  Cheongju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinhwa","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Animal Medical Center  Cheongju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwangyong","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Daejeon Animal Medical Center Soop: FOREST  Daejeon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byungjin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bon Animal Medical Center  Suwon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiyoung","family":"Ban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SKY Animal Medical Center  Cheonan South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang\u2010Hwan","family":"Hyun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine Chungbuk National University  Cheongju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7721-773X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongwoo","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine Chungbuk National University  Cheongju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9091-6957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Namsoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine Chungbuk National University  Cheongju South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2005.00103.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1977.tb01126.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1999.tb03784.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-16-05-0072"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2005.00102.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0147-54-27"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae in the German Shepherd dog: prevalence, classification, genetics and association with canine hip dysplasia","volume":"37","author":"Wigger A","year":"2009","journal-title":"Schattauer GmbH"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24425\/pjvs.2020.133641"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1993.202.11.1877"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"hereditary bone and joint diseases in the dog: osteochondroses, hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia","author":"Morgan JP","year":"2001","journal-title":"Schl\u00fctersche"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2015.02.005"},{"issue":"2024","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","article-title":"Lumbosacral transitional vertebra in 14 dog breeds in Norway_Occurrence, risk factors and association with hip dysplasia","volume":"303","author":"Berg J","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.60.1345"},{"issue":"134","key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","first-page":"411","article-title":"Kinetische Studie u\u00a8ber die Lendenwirbelsa\u00a8ule und den lumbosakralen Uebergang beim Deutschen Scha\u00a8ferhund","author":"B\u00fcrger R","year":"1992","journal-title":"Schweiz Arch Tierheilk"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"609","article-title":"Comments on the mode of formation of spinal regions in humans","volume":"36","author":"Rosenberg E","year":"1907","journal-title":"Morph Jahrbuch"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(01)00148-5"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Radiology &amp; 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