{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:16:03Z","timestamp":1788452163645,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,18]],"date-time":"2015-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To characterize bone height and buccal cortical bone thickness of the caudal mandible of healthy dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective original study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Sample Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Client\u2010owned dogs (n\u2009=\u200936).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dogs were distributed by weight into 3 groups (&lt;10, 10\u201320, &gt;20\u2009kg). Thirteen transverse plane computed tomography images were selected for each dog based on anatomic landmarks from the 4th premolar (PM4) through the 2nd molar. On each image, bone thickness was measured along the buccal surface of both mandibles from the alveolar margin to the ventral border in 3\u2009mm increments. The number of 3\u2009mm increments were recorded as an estimation of mandibular height.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Buccal bone was generally thicker ventrally in the area studied with decreasing bone thickness over both roots of PM4 and the mesial root of the 1st molar (M1). Cortical bone thickness of &lt;2.0\u2009mm was measured across all groups at most locations 3\u2009mm ventral from the alveolar margin. Mandibular bone height demonstrated significantly fewer (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) 3\u2009mm increments over the distal root of M1 in dogs &gt;10\u2009kg compared with the number of observations at the immediately mesial and distal locations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thin cortical bone overlying the mesial and distal roots of PM4 and the mesial root of M1 limits use of these areas for application of monocortical anchorage devices. Decreased mandibular bone height at mandibular M1 may create a stress riser at this location, which along with thin cortical bone may explain why this is a common area for mandibular fracture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,18]],"date-time":"2015-09-18T09:54:50Z","timestamp":1442570090000},"page":"21-29","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Caudal Mandibular Bone Height and Buccal Cortical Bone Thickness Measured by Computed Tomography in Healthy Dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason W.","family":"Soukup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randi","family":"Drees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom J.","family":"Tabone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computing and Biometry, College of Agricultural &amp; 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