{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T05:44:59Z","timestamp":1770702299822,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,14]],"date-time":"2016-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the effect of various tissue apposition techniques on specimens after formalin fixation, and to assess canine cadaveric composite skin\u2010muscle\u2010fascia specimen changes after excision without and with addition of a tumor model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Canine cadaveric study; unbalanced paired design.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>: Fresh canine cadavers (n\u2009=\u200930)<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Experiment 1: Paired 7 cm diameter, circular skin\u2010muscle\u2010fascia specimens were harvested bilaterally from three sites (thorax, abdomen, and thigh) on 10 cadavers. For each pair, the skin\u2010to\u2010fascia was sutured with a circumferential continuous pattern in one specimen and left unsutured in the other during excision. Specimen length and width were measured post\u2010excision and post\u2010fixation. Specimen rotation, translation, and distortion was measured post\u2010fixation. Experiment 2: A subcutaneous tumor model was implanted at 2 sites (neck, thorax) on 20 cadavers and specimens were then excised with 2 cm lateral margins and a deep fascial plane. Three suturing techniques of the skin\u2010to\u2010fascia at both sites were performed during excision: unsutured versus circumferential continuous suture (10 pairs) or circumferential versus 4 interrupted quadrant sutures (10 pairs). Lateral margins were compared post\u2010excision and post\u2010fixation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Experiment 1: There was significant reduction in the length and width of the fascia and skin post\u2010excision, but no further reduction after fixation. The circumferential suture decreased rotation and translation of the tissue layers but did not significantly affect specimen shrinkage or distortion compared with the unsutured specimen. Experiment 2: All 4 lateral margins decreased significantly post\u2010excision and post\u2010fixation compared with the planned pre\u2010excision margins. No difference was found between any of the 4 lateral margins for any skin\u2010to\u2010fascia suture technique.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Canine skin\u2010muscle\u2010fascia specimens significantly decrease in size from gross pre\u2010excision dimensions after removal. Suturing the specimen during surgery before excision will significantly improve alignment of tissue planes without creating distortion of the sample, but may alter the length, width, and lateral margins of the specimen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,20]],"date-time":"2016-05-20T07:32:36Z","timestamp":1463729556000},"page":"563-570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Effect of Specimen Preparation on Post\u2010Excision and Post\u2010Fixation Dimensions, Translation, and Distortion of Canine Cadaver Skin\u2010Muscle\u2010Fascia Specimens"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Marije","family":"Risselada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyle G","family":"Mathews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Griffith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina"},{"name":"Department of Statistics, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985810389316"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199111000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(92)70173-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(95)91341-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"281","article-title":"Quantification of surgical margin shrinkage in the oral cavity","volume":"19","author":"Johnson RE","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13651820310013402"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2005.66.500"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1015-9584(08)60020-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2007.00943.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08994.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2012.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/ejh.2013.e21"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.75.11.1004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.247.2.184"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X15602951"},{"issue":"162","key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"607","article-title":"Effect of tissue shrinkage on histological tumour\u2010free margin after excision of basal cell carcinoma","author":"Blasdale C","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dermatopathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1966.tb04490.x"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fvsu.12481","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.12481","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T01:53:46Z","timestamp":1696211626000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vsu.12481"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,14]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vsu.12481"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vsu.12481","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-3499","1532-950X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-3499","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-950X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,14]]}}}