{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T09:24:09Z","timestamp":1770715449299,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the knot holding capacity (KHC) of pattern\u2010ending square, surgeon's and Aberdeen knots each tied in 4 throw combinations using large gauge suture after exposure to media commonly found in equine abdominal surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>In vitro mechanical study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Sample population<\/jats:bold>: Knotted suture strands (n\u2009=\u200910\/group).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Strands of 2 polydioxanone or 3 polyglactin 910 were exposed to 1 of 4 media for 15 minutes. Control suture strands remained dry. Media used included balanced electrolyte solution, 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, equine serum, or equine fat. Pattern\u2010ending knots for the 3 knot configurations were loaded to failure in a linear fashion on a materials testing machine to determine KHC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgeon's knots tied using media\u2010exposed 3 polyglactin 910 had a significantly higher KHC than the same dry knots with 5 and 6 throws. Square knots tied using media\u2010exposed to 3 polyglactin 910 had a significantly higher KHC than the same dry knots at 5 throws. Aberdeen knots tied with either media\u2010exposed 2 polydioxanone or 3 polyglactin 910 had a significantly higher KHC than their equivalent dry knots. Aberdeen knots had a superior KHC, while requiring less suture than both surgeon's and square knots.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Media exposure either had no effect on KHC or significantly improved the KHC of all knots investigated. Based on KHC and knot volume, Aberdeen knots tied using media\u2010exposed 3 polyglactin 910 with 3 throws and 1 turn are recommended to end a continuous suture pattern.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T18:12:46Z","timestamp":1485972766000},"page":"306-315","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Effect of fluid media on the mechanical properties of continuous pattern\u2010ending surgeon's, square, and Aberdeen knots in vitro*"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Matthew","family":"Coleridge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University Auburn Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra M.","family":"Gillen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University Auburn Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramsis","family":"Farag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymer Engineering Auburn University Auburn Alabama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. 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