{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:01:37Z","timestamp":1787508097333,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To measure the density of cellular phenotypes in canine caudal cruciate ligament (CaCL), cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), and long digital extensor tendon (LDET).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ex\u2010vivo study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ten CaCL, CrCL, MCL, and LDET obtained from 1 stifle of 10 dogs with no gross pathology were analyzed histologically. The density of cells with 3 nuclear phenotypes (fusiform, ovoid, and spheroid) was determined within the core region of each specimen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cells with fusiform nuclei were most dense in the MCL (median [range], 319 [118\u2013538] cells\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and LDET (331 [61\u2013463]), whereas cells with ovoid nuclei were most dense in the CaCL (276 [123\u2013368]) and CrCL (212 [165\u2013420]). The spheroid nuclear phenotype had the lowest density in all structures (31 [5\u201361] in CaCL, 54 [5\u201390] in CrCL, 2 [0\u201314] in MCL, and 5 [0\u201380] in LDET); however, the CrCL contained a denser population of spheroid cells compared with MCL and LDET (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Total cell densities did not differ among the 4 structures (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u2009.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Phenotype density varied within the ligaments and tendon tested here. The cell population of CaCL and CrCL differed from that of dense collagenous tissues such as MCL and LDET.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The relatively higher density of spheroid phenotype in CrCL may reflect a distinctive native cellular population or a cellular transformation secondary to unique mechanical environment or hypoxia. This intrinsic cellular population may explain altered tissue properties prone to pathological rupture or poor healing potential of the canine CrCL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T15:45:03Z","timestamp":1557157503000},"page":"1013-1018","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparative histomorphometric analysis of cellular phenotype in canine stifle ligaments and tendon"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Kei","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University  Ithaca New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jitender","family":"Bhandal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"JD Wheat Veterinary Orthopedic Research Laboratory University of California Davis  Davis California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University  Ithaca New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Entwistle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"JD Wheat Veterinary Orthopedic Research Laboratory University of California Davis  Davis California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Stover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"JD Wheat Veterinary Orthopedic Research Laboratory University of California Davis  Davis California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy S.","family":"Kapatkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"JD Wheat Veterinary Orthopedic Research Laboratory University of California Davis  Davis California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-10-04-0055"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/0400385"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2017.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jvet.2003.50023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-008-9565-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.22643"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23632"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1581135"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-011-1061-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2005.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100170105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504263700"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/107632700320865"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2012.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2006.00221.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-17-02-0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2001.0475"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.934301"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200010000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"1842","article-title":"Correlative biomechanical and histologic study of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs","volume":"46","author":"Vasseur P","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res."}],"container-title":["Veterinary 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