{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T16:53:44Z","timestamp":1775580824202,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe a novel surgical approach to treat a critical\u2010sized bone defect due to severe, radial atrophic nonunion in a miniature dog.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case report<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animal<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 1\u2010year\u2010old Yorkshire terrier with a critical\u2010sized left radial defect after failed internal fixation of a transverse radial fracture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Computed tomographic (CT) images of the radius were imported for three\u2010dimensional (3D) printing of a custom\u2010designed synthetic 3D\u2010printed \u03b2\u2010tricalcium phosphate (\u03b2\u2010TCP) scaffold. The radius was exposed, and the \u03b2\u2010TCP scaffold was press\u2010fitted in the bone gap underneath the plate. Recombinant human bone morphogenic protein\u20102 (RhBMP\u20102) collagen sponges were squeezed to soak the scaffold with growth factor and then placed on both sides of the synthetic graft. Two additional cortical screws were also placed prior to routine closure of the surgical site.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Radiographic examination was consistent with complete healing of the radius defect 4\u2009months after surgery. The bone plate was removed 10\u2009months after surgery. According to CT examination 18\u2009months after surgery, there was no evidence of the synthetic graft; instead, complete corticalization of the affected area was noted. Complete functional recovery was observed until the last clinical follow\u2010up 36\u2009months postoperatively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Screw fixation and use of a 3D\u2010printed ceramic scaffold augmented with rhBMP\u20102 resulted in excellent bone regeneration of the nonunion and full recovery of a miniature breed dog.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The therapeutic approach used in this dog could be considered as an option for treatment of large\u2010bone defects in veterinary orthopedics, especially for defects affecting the distal radius of miniature dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T18:01:52Z","timestamp":1594231312000},"page":"1626-1631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Use of three\u2010dimensionally printed \u03b2\u2010tricalcium phosphate synthetic bone graft combined with recombinant human bone morphogenic protein\u20102 to treat a severe radial atrophic nonunion in a Yorkshire terrier"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Jordi","family":"Franch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Department Veterinary School, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Barba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Department Veterinary School, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Biomaterials, Biomechanics, and Tissue Engineering Group, Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering Department Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya  Barcelona 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