{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T10:48:17Z","timestamp":1772016497697,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]],"date-time":"2020-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the effect of partial vs complete circumferential epitendinous suture (ES) placement in addition to a core suture on the biomechanical strength and gapping characteristics of repaired canine tendinous constructs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ex vivo, biomechanical study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Sample population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010six canine superficial digital flexor tendons.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Superficial digital flexor tendons were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 12), sharply transected and repaired with a core locking\u2010loop suture with Group 1 a partial circumferential ES, 180\u00b0 on the palmar side; Group 2 a complete circumferential ES, 360\u00b0 and double knotting technique; or Group 3 a complete circumferential ES, 360\u00b0 and single knotting technique. After preloading, constructs were distracted to monotonic failure. Failure mode, gap formation, yield, peak, and failure forces were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean yield (group 1 = 68.6\u2009N, group 2 = 106.5\u2009N, group 3 = 114\u2009N, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.013), peak (group 1 = 92.8\u2009N, group 2 = 134.6\u2009N, group 3 = 147.3\u2009N; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), and failure (group 1 = 88.7\u2009N, group 2 = 133.0\u2009N, group 3 = 145.5\u2009N, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) loads differed between groups. No difference in yield (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .874), peak (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .434), or failure load (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .434) was detected between complete circumferential ES groups. Force to create 1\u2010mm (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and 3\u2010mm (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.038) gap formation was greater in specimens with complete vs partial circumferential ES placement. Complete circumferential ES repairs failed primarily by suture pull\u2010through compared with suture breakage in most partial circumferential ES constructs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Addition of a complete circumferential ES with a single or double knotting technique increased the biomechanical strength of normal tendon repairs while reducing gap formation compared with partial ES placement alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Complete circumferential ES is recommended over partial ES placement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,28]],"date-time":"2020-08-28T02:29:37Z","timestamp":1598581777000},"page":"1571-1579","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effect of partial vs complete circumferential epitendinous suture placement on the biomechanical properties and gap formation of canine cadaveric tendons"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3043-8877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Duffy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Jen","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew B.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina\u2010Chapel Hill  Raleigh North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George E.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Administration College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1633097"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"1316","volume-title":"Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal.","author":"Stuart C","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199907000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(05)80084-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(98)80096-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(90)90022-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-7681(89)90154-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198668050-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2004.04057.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12255"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950x.2004.04020.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-017-2836-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100160402"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-7681(92)90082-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(91)90197-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.80.11.1043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.80.11.1034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13266"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13268"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1702141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2009.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11552-014-9723-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182268c1f"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2011.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1982.tb00678.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhsu.2000.jhsu25a0214"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(93)90246-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(96)80049-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(96)80200-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(03)00080-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-7681(92)90019-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200111000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(96)80301-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2012.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4636(2000)53:6<806::AID-JBM23>3.0.CO;2-P"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.13494","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vsu.13494","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.13494","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T15:18:57Z","timestamp":1693840737000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vsu.13494"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vsu.13494"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vsu.13494","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-3499","1532-950X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-3499","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-950X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-04-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-07-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}