{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T04:21:06Z","timestamp":1786854066351,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the use of the upper lip for reconstruction of the external nose and closure of large facial defects in dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four dogs with facial defects with exposure of the underlying nasal cavity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Short case series.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A variation of the lip\u2010to\u2010lid technique was used to reconstruct one\u2010half of the external nose after resection of a mast cell tumor in one dog. A full\u2010thickness labial transposition flap (upper lip) was used to reconstruct facial and nasal defects exposing the nasal cavity. A cylindrical mucosal graft was employed in the restoration of nostril patency in one dog.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The lip\u2010to\u2010lid variation (also known as <jats:italic>lip\u2010to\u2010nose<\/jats:italic>) restored the right nostril and nasal planum after mast cell tumor resection in one dog. In three dogs, the nasal defects were reconstructed with full\u2010thickness upper labial transposition flaps. Restoration of nostril patency in one dog was also aided by the cylindrical mucosal graft.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The full\u2010thickness labial transposition flap and the lip\u2010to\u2010lid flap variation were successfully used to reconstruct major defects of the external nose and facial defects involving the nasal cavity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Composite flaps of the upper lip should be considered to close problematic nasocutaneous fistulas and restore function to the external nose. The upper lip provides a source of mucosa to restore patency of stenotic nares or obstructed nostrils.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T19:35:56Z","timestamp":1611257756000},"page":"1338-1349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Full\u2010thickness labial flaps to reconstruct facial defects in four dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Pavletic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Angell Animal Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"921","article-title":"Mucocutaneous subdermal plexus flap from the lip for lower eyelid restoration in the dog","volume":"180","author":"Pavletic MM","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119267539.ch19"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.250.2.211"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2006.00145.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-5224.2010.00778.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119267539.ch17"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119267539.ch20"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12965"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13359"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119267539.ch15"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2490-14-46"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/0390407"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Wound Care Essentials","author":"Baranoski S","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"272","volume-title":"Acute and Chronic Wounds: Current Management Concepts","author":"Bryant RA","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.13571","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vsu.13571","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.13571","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T12:01:36Z","timestamp":1693310496000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vsu.13571"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vsu.13571"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vsu.13571","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-3499","1532-950X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-3499","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-950X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-10-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}