{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T05:49:02Z","timestamp":1780465742999,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the feasibility of umbilical cord\u2010derived mesenchymal stem cell (UC\u2010MSC) transplantation into the cervical spinal cord of horses by using fluoroscopy with or without endoscopic guidance and to evaluate the neurological signs and tissue reaction after injection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Experimental study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight healthy adult horses with no clinical signs of neurological disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>After cervical ventral interbody fusion (CVIF), ten million fluorescently labeled allogeneic UC\u2010MSC were injected into the spinal cord under endoscopic and fluoroscopic guidance (n\u00a0=\u00a05) or fluoroscopic guidance only (n\u00a0=\u00a03). Postoperative neurological examinations were performed, and horses were humanely killed 48\u2009hours (n\u00a0=\u00a04) or 14\u2009days (n\u00a0=\u00a04) postoperatively. Spinal tissues were examined after gross dissection and with bright field and fluorescent microscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Needle endoscopy of the cervical canal by ventral approach was associated with intraoperative spinal cord puncture (2\/5) and postoperative ataxia (3\/5). No intraoperative complications occurred, and one (1\/3) horse developed ataxia with cell transplantation under fluoroscopy alone. Umbilical cord\u2010derived MSC were associated with small vessels and detected up to 14\u2009days in the spinal cord. Demyelination was observed in six of eight cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fluoroscopically guided intramedullary UC\u2010MSC transplantation during CVIF avoids spinal cord trauma and decreases risk of ataxia from endoscopy. Umbilical cord\u2010derived MSC persist in the spinal cord for up to 14\u2009days. Cell injection promotes angiogenesis and induces demyelination of the spinal tissue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Umbilical cord\u2010derived MSC transplantation into the spinal cord during CVIF without endoscopy is recommended for future evaluation of cell therapy in horses affected by cervical vertebral compressive myelopathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T01:50:31Z","timestamp":1615513831000},"page":"1107-1116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation into the spinal cord of healthy adult horses undergoing cervical ventral interbody fusion"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Is\u00e9","family":"Fran\u00e7ois","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Veterinary Campus of Lyon, GREMERES\u2010ICE Lyon Equine Research Center France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0133-901X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivier M.","family":"Lepage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Veterinary Campus of Lyon, GREMERES\u2010ICE Lyon Equine Research Center France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cave Creek Equine Surgical and Diagnostic Imaging Center Phoenix Arizona United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Desjardins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Veterinary Campus of Lyon, GREMERES\u2010ICE Lyon Equine Research Center France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"De 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