{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T05:03:22Z","timestamp":1749618202657,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]],"date-time":"2021-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the effect of accessory tendon graft (ATG) augmentation as an adjunct to a core locking\u2010loop (LL) and epitendinous suture (ES) repair in a gastrocnemius tendon (GT) model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Randomized, ex vivo, biomechanical.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010two canine GT musculotendinous constructs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>GT repair constructs were randomly divided into two groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010\/group). After transection, paired GT were repaired with LL\u2009+\u2009ES alone or with concurrent ATG augmentation. Yield, peak and failure loads, tensile loads required to create 1 and 3\u2009mm gapping, and failure modes were evaluated. Four GT were used as intact controls for validation of testing methodology. ATG constructs were compared to LL\u2009+\u2009ES and control specimens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Yield (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), peak (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0001) and failure loads (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0003) were greater when ATG was used for repair. Greater force was required to cause 1\u2009mm (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0001) and 3\u2009mm (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0002) gap formation in the ATG group, however, the frequency of gap formation did not differ between groups. All repaired constructs failed exclusively by suture pull\u2010through.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autologous ATG augmentation as an adjunct to primary GT repair increased yield, peak and failure forces by approximately 1.6\u00d7, 1.9\u00d7, 1.8\u00d7 respectively and required 2.1\u00d7 greater force to cause 1 and 3\u2009mm formation respectively compared to LL\u2009+\u2009ES repairs alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>ATG augmentation should be considered as an autologous method to support and strengthen the primary GT repair. These results justify studies to determine the effect of ATG on clinical function following graft harvest in dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T06:31:31Z","timestamp":1620109891000},"page":"1147-1156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Biomechanical analysis of accessory tendon graft augmentation for primary gastrocnemius tendon reconstruction in dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3043-8877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Duffy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Jen","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew B.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina\u2014Chapel Hill  Raleigh North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George E.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Administration, College of Veterinary Medicine Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"275","volume-title":"Miller's Anatomy of the Dog","author":"Evans HE","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"613","article-title":"Achilles tendon rupture in dogs","volume":"25","author":"King M","year":"2003","journal-title":"Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1633008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.c4190"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2009.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199907000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2009.00565.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2004.04057.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1986.tb00187.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13268"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13266"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1702141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-14-11-0168"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2009.00598.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-14-08-0133"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12775"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1632639"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13453"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1632549"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhsu.2000.jhsu25a0214"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.81.9.714"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0363-5023(93)90246-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-20050701-10"},{"issue":"239","key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Subcutaneous rupture of the Achilles tendon: a study of 92 cases","volume":"116","author":"Arner O","year":"1959","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079301400803"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.btf.0000177227.37589.d2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001711010660"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950x.2004.04020.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280012501"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1984.tb00751.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2011.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199907000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2015.12329.x"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","first-page":"1279","article-title":"Substitution of porcine small intestinal submucosa for rabbit Achilles tendon, an experimental study","volume":"82","author":"Gu Y","year":"2002","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17236\/sat00035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12255"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.13645","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vsu.13645","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.13645","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T18:06:49Z","timestamp":1693332409000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vsu.13645"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vsu.13645"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vsu.13645","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-3499","1532-950X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0161-3499"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1532-950X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-01-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}