{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T04:41:29Z","timestamp":1768624889887,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]],"date-time":"2021-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the detection of gaps in jejunal continuous anastomoses by probing (PT) versus leak testing (LT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Experimental study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Normal jejunal segments (n\u00a0=\u00a024) from two fresh canine cadavers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intestinal segments were randomly selected by four volunteers who created six simple continuous anastomoses: two constructs using standard technique with 2\u20133\u2009mm suture spacing (ST, 8 total), and four constructs with one 4\u2010mm gap (IG, 16 total). All 24 anastomoses were examined with PT (1 volunteer) prior to LT (3 volunteers). LT was performed within a maximal peristaltic pressure range (34\u201354 cmH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O). The presence and location of anastomotic leaks (L<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>) detected with LT were compared with gaps detected with PT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nineteen out of twenty\u2010four (79.2%) samples had at least one probe drop, and four out of twenty\u2010three (17.4%) samples leaked. LT results from one sample were excluded due to iatrogenic suture failure. PT was 100% sensitive (95% CI: 51.01, 100%) with a 100% negative predictive value (95% CI: 56.55, 100%) at detecting gaps compared with LT. The location of all L<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>was accurately identified with PT and confirmed during LT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>PT was highly sensitive at detecting gaps compared with LT. All L<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>were accurately detected by PT. None of the segments negative during PT leaked.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diagnostic value of PT appears adequate to recognize gaps in cadaveric small intestinal anastomoses. PT offers surgeons an alternative to detect suture gaps that may contribute to postoperative dehiscence of intestinal anastomoses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]],"date-time":"2021-08-10T12:58:16Z","timestamp":1628600296000},"page":"1472-1482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Intraoperative surgeon probe inspection compared to leak testing for detecting gaps in canine jejunal continuous anastomoses: A cadaveric study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Tricia F.","family":"Culbertson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel D.","family":"Smeak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna M.","family":"Pogue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Molly A.","family":"Vitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy C.","family":"Downey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"331","volume-title":"Small Animal Surgery","author":"Radlinksy MA","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"1730","volume-title":"Veterinary Surgery Small Animal. Vol 2","author":"Giuffrida MA","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2011.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"365","volume-title":"Complications in Small Animal Surgery","author":"Pavletic MM","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.255.5.569"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.223.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"70","article-title":"Prevalence of small intestinal dehiscence and associated clinical factors: a retrospective study of 121 dogs","volume":"28","author":"Allen DA","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12428"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12413"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12704"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.253.4.437"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13392"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13408"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13451"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-6459"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"729","article-title":"End\u2010to\u2010end approximating intestinal anastomosis in the dog: a comparative fluorescien dye, angiographic and histopathologic evaluation","volume":"18","author":"Ellison GW","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1999.214.10.1507","article-title":"Comparison of a continuous suture pattern with a simple interrupted pattern for enteric closure in dogs and cats: 83 cases (1991\u20101997)","volume":"214","author":"Weisman DL","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b17702-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-40232-3.00177-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.73.11.1819"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.74.8.1138"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2013.01090.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"644","volume-title":"Textbook of Small Animal Surgery","author":"Brown DC","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119369257.ch25"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2010.00784.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2010.00730.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","first-page":"1255","article-title":"Effect of enteric biopsy closure orientation on enteric circumference and volume of saline needed for leak testing","volume":"55","author":"Matz BM","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13278"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13275"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yasu.2016.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3852731"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(99)00028-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2012.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","first-page":"48","article-title":"Intra\u2010operative anastomotic leak rates and testing methodology in colorectal resection surgery","volume":"2","author":"Schiff A","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2298\/SARH1106333I"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2009.43"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"Intraoperative testing of the integrity of left\u2010sided colorectal anastomoses: a technique of value to the surgeon in training","volume":"71","author":"Gilbert JM","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.12411"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-018-6421-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13339"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.258.9.991"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1991.tb00344.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13405"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119369257.ch1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.79.5.576"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Experimental studies on the hemodynamics of the small intestine following increased intraluminal pressure","volume":"156","author":"Shikata J","year":"1983","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01062909"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-4804(03)00345-7"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.13708","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vsu.13708","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.13708","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,6]],"date-time":"2024-09-06T05:42:23Z","timestamp":1725601343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vsu.13708"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vsu.13708"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vsu.13708","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-3499","1532-950X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-3499","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-950X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-12-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}