{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T10:07:26Z","timestamp":1774778846797,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the rates of rupture and mortality associated with surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in dogs and to identify risk factors for rupture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two\u2010hundred and eighty\u2010five dogs with PDA undergoing surgical ligation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Information regarding signalment, weight, surgical findings, complications, presence of residual flow, and survival was recorded. Age, weight, and presence of residual flow were compared between cases with and without rupture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The initial surgical approach was extrapericardial (144), intrapericardial (46), not reported (94), or Jackson\u2010Henderson (1). Rupture of the PDA occurred in 7.0% of dogs (20\/285, 13 extrapericardial, 3 intrapericardial, 4 not reported). No difference in age or weight was found between dogs with and without rupture. Overall mortality was 0.4% (1\/285). Additional major complications occurred in 1.4% of dogs, all in the nonrupture group. The overall rate of residual flow after ligation was 9.4%. Dogs with rupture were more likely to have residual flow than those without rupture (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.012). If ligation was performed after rupture (rather than hemostasis only), no difference in residual flow rates (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.398) was noted between dogs with rupture and those without.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The rate of rupture with surgical ligation of PDAs was low. No specific risk factors for rupture were identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Successful treatment of PDA rupture is possible, evidenced by the low mortality rate in this population of dogs. Ligation of the PDA after rupture, either in the concurrent or a subsequent procedure, reduces the odds of residual flow.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T11:55:36Z","timestamp":1647431736000},"page":"592-599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in dogs: Incidence and risk factors for rupture"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4554-8013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet A.","family":"Grimes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5618-1600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelley M.","family":"Thieman Mankin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&amp;M University College Station Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.0711.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2007.00233.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2006.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"435","article-title":"Patent ductus arteriosus in the dog: characteristics of occurrence and results of surgery in one hundred consecutive 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