{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:13:02Z","timestamp":1787508782025,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005613","name":"Atlantic Veterinary College","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005613","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine skin reaction, post\u2010treatment reduction (immediate effect), and 1\u2009hour post\u2010treatment reduction (sustained effect) of aerobic bacterial colony forming units (CFU) following three antiseptic protocols in cattle.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective, randomized experimental study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighteen cows.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three sites in each paralumbar fossa were clipped and randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: 5\u00a0minute 4% chlorhexidine gluconate scrub (CHG); 90\u2009second 80% ethanol scrub (ET); 90\u2009second 70% isopropyl alcohol scrub (IPA). All sites were monitored at all sampling time points and at 24\u2009hours following treatment for adverse skin reaction. Samples were collected pre\u2010, immediately post\u2010, and 1\u00a0hour post\u2010treatment and plated in duplicate. Bacterial counts were shifted to eliminate zeroes, log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      transformed, and averaged. ANOVA was used to compare differences in mean reduction in log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      CFU\/ml between groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Reduction in log10CFU\/ml was more pronounced immediately after application of IPA (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.001) and ET (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.001) than CHG. This reduction was better sustained after preparation with CHG than ET (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.005) but not IPA. Immediate and sustained reductions in bacterial loads did not differ after application of IPA or ET. No adverse skin reactions were noted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Skin preparation with alcohol\u2010based antiseptics was well tolerated and improved immediate bacterial reduction compared to CHG. This reduction was better sustained 1\u00a0hour after application of CHG than ET, but no difference was detected between CHG and IPA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lack of adverse skin reaction and performance provide evidence to support skin preparation with alcohol\u2010based antiseptics in cattle.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T08:03:53Z","timestamp":1661933033000},"page":"1191-1195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparison of chlorhexidine and alcohol\u2010based antisepsis on the paralumbar fossa in cattle"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Aimie J.","family":"Doyle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown Prince Edward Island Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew E.","family":"Saab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown Prince Edward Island Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Trenton","family":"McClure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown Prince Edward Island Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Guidelines on hand hygiene in health care: first global patient safety challenge clean care is safer care;2009. Accessed December 18 2021.https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241597906. ISBN: 9789241597906."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15698\/mic2019.07.683"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2016.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.4.863\u2010893.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2010.12.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2019.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13417"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532\u2010950X.2013.01089.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12793"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"164","article-title":"Comparison of an alcohol\u2010based hand rub and water\u2010based chlorhexidine gluconate scrub technique for hand antisepsis prior to elective surgery in horses","volume":"57","author":"Almeida da Silveira E","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532\u2010950X.2010.00705"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1531\u2010950X.2014.12275.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2016.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917\u2010017\u20101069\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1997.210.01.78","article-title":"Risk factors for wound infection following celiotomy in horses","volume":"210","author":"Honnas CM","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532\u2010950x.1989.tb01100.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532\u2010950X.2009.00636.x"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.13878","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vsu.13878","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.13878","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T17:59:12Z","timestamp":1727891952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vsu.13878"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vsu.13878"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vsu.13878","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-3499","1532-950X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-3499","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-950X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}