{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T08:02:23Z","timestamp":1761897743257,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the safety and efficacy of a method for digitally enlarging the caudal aspect of the epiploic foramen (EF).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Healthy horses and clinical cases of EF entrapment (EFE).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen healthy horses and three clinical cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Through a ventral midline celiotomy under general anesthesia, the EF was enlarged by digital separation of the caudal attachments of the caudate lobe of the liver from right dorsal colon, right kidney, gastropancreatic fold, and pancreas. Healthy horses were euthanized under anesthesia, and the enlarged EF was measured at necropsy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The method used for enlarging the EF did not cause clinically relevant hemorrhage, as determined by visual inspection of the EF in 14 horses at necropsy and by vital parameters under anesthesia in all horses. In clinical cases, EFE was reduced following enlargement of the EF, and no intraoperative complications were encountered. In one clinical case, necropsy at 30\u2009days confirmed partial closure of the enlarged EF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The method proposed enlarged the EF safely and effectively. Limitations of the study include the small number of clinical cases and the lack of postoperative follow\u2010up on the healthy horses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Enlargement of the EF at its caudal extent should be considered in selected cases of EFE in which manual reduction is difficult or protracted. Although the procedure was safe in this study, knowledge of the anatomy, practice on cadavers, and careful selection of cases with greatest need are recommended before clinical use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T08:55:56Z","timestamp":1671526556000},"page":"308-314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Surgical enlargement of the epiploic foramen in horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4290-0010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meghan A.","family":"Wanstrath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University  North Grafton Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anje G.","family":"Bauck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peterson Smith Equine Hospital + Complete Care  Ocala Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1995.tb04073.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.155.25.793"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/0425164054529409"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-48420-6.00035-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12232"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"454","volume-title":"Sisson and Grossman's the Anatomy of the Domestic Animals","author":"Sisson S","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12282"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"Surgical diseases of the small intestine","volume":"26","author":"Robertson JT","year":"1980","journal-title":"Proc Ann Conv Am Assoc Equine Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"378","article-title":"Incarceration of the small intestine by the epiploic foramen in fifteen horses","volume":"29","author":"Vasey JR","year":"1988","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"434","article-title":"Fatal hemorrhage associated with incarceration of small intestine by the epiploic foramen in three horses","volume":"32","author":"Livesey MA","year":"1991","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Incarceratie van dunned arm doorheen het foramen omentale (epiploicum): Een retrospectieve studie bij 100 paarden","volume":"73","author":"Steenhaut M","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vlaams Diergeneeskd Tijdschr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13161"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.1999.tb00952.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1993.tb03013.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1993.203.09.1312"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"842","article-title":"Cecal entrapment within the epiploic foramen in a mare","volume":"58","author":"Grzeskowiak RM","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13191"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0739(17)30240-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/0425164054529481"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.228.10.1546"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12216"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"401","article-title":"Review of repeat celiotomy following small intestinal strangulation: decision guidelines, intraoperative findings, and outcomes","volume":"64","author":"Bauck AG","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Ann Conv Am Assoc Equine Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"173","article-title":"Hypoglycemia and hepatic ischemic necrosis after small intestinal incarceration through the epiploic foramen in a horse","volume":"82","author":"Davis DM","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cornell Vet"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","first-page":"810","article-title":"Early mucosal healing and chronic changes in pony jejunum after various types of strangulation obstruction","volume":"49","author":"Freeman DR","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"A clinical grading system for intraoperative assessment of small intestinal viability in the horse","volume":"47","author":"Freeman DE","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Ann Conv Am Assoc Equine Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/0425164054529436"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2013.12116.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12740"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12493"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.13927","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vsu.13927","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.13927","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T12:12:47Z","timestamp":1711973567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vsu.13927"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vsu.13927"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vsu.13927","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-3499","1532-950X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0161-3499"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1532-950X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-07-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}