{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T21:50:00Z","timestamp":1793742600526,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]],"date-time":"2023-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pericles.pericles-gcp.literatumonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the effects of three adjunctive methods of tension band wire fixation (TBWF) on the biomechanical properties, gap formation, and failure mode in simulated canine patella tendon rupture (RPT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Randomized, ex vivo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Sample population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Paired hindlimbs from 32 dog cadavers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patellar tendons (PTs) and associated bone\u2010muscle\u2010tendon units were harvested. Each PT was transected then sutured using a core locking loop and simple continuous epitendinous pattern. Each hindlimb was randomly assigned to one of three groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200918 hindlimbs\/group) using 18 gauge 316\u2009L wire, anchored to the tibial crest distally, to perform transpatellar, suprapatellar, or combined tension band\u2010wire (TBW) augmentation. Ten hindlimbs were utilized as control specimens. Yield, peak, and failure loads, stiffness, loads to 1 and 3\u2009mm gap formation, and failure mode were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Combined transpatellar and suprapatellar TBW augmentation was superior to transpatellar or suprapatellar groups alone. Yield (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.0008), peak (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.004), and failure loads (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.005) were greater for the combined group than for the transpatellar (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.048) and suprapatellar groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.01) respectively. There was no difference regarding the occurrence of 1 or 3\u2009mm gap formation (1\u2009mm, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.05; 3\u2009mm, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.06); however, loads required to cause gap formation were greater in the combined group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.036). Mode of failure differed between techniques used for PT augmentation (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Combined transpatellar and suprapatellar adjunctive TBW augmentation for simulated PT repairs was biomechanically superior to either transpatellar or suprapatellar TBWF alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Combined suprapatellar and transpatellar TBWF may offer a viable surgical option for increased repair\u2010site strength and greater loads to gap formation. Further studies investigating alternative techniques and materials for RPT repair augmentation are warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.14000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]],"date-time":"2023-08-03T13:04:00Z","timestamp":1691067840000},"page":"1140-1149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Biomechanical evaluation of three adjunctive methods of orthopedic tension band\u2010wire fixation to augment simulated patella tendon repairs in dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Rachel M.","family":"McKay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3043-8877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel 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