{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T12:14:22Z","timestamp":1753272862869},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the application of uncovered balloon\u2010expandable metallic biliary stents for treatment of extrahepatic biliary obstructions (EHBOs) and the outcomes for dogs and cats treated for EHBO with this technique.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective single institutional study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight dogs and three cats treated at the Veterinary Specialty Hospital of San Diego for EHBO between January 2012 and February 2022.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data collected from the medical records included signalment, presenting complaint, laboratory and imaging findings, surgical findings, hospitalization time, complications, and follow\u2010up information.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Median duration of short\u2010term follow up was 16\u2009days (6\u201345\u2009days). Improved biochemical abnormalities and resolution of clinical signs were recorded in 10\/11 cases. Two dogs died within 2\u2009weeks of surgery. One dog developed systemic inflammatory response syndrome 5\u2009days postoperatively and was euthanized; the cause of death in the second case was unknown. Long\u2010term follow up was available in seven cases, with a median duration of 307.5\u2009days (62\u20132268\u2009days). Bile\u2010duct patency was maintained for at least 356\u2013622\u2009days (median: 446\u2009days) in three cats and 62\u20132268\u2009days (median: 650.5\u2009days) in four dogs with long\u2010term follow up available. One cat had recurrent obstruction with choledocholiths 446\u2009days postoperatively. One stent was removed 614\u2009days postoperatively due to recurrent cholangiohepatitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Uncovered balloon\u2010expandable metallic biliary stents were placed successfully and relieved EHBO in all cases that survived to discharge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Use of uncovered balloon\u2010expandable metallic biliary stents should be considered as an alternative to temporary choledochal luminal stenting or cholecystoenterostomy to manage EHBO.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.14028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T15:20:15Z","timestamp":1696432815000},"page":"320-329","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical use of uncovered balloon\u2010expandable metallic biliary stents for treatment of extrahepatic 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