{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T15:10:49Z","timestamp":1788793849261,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the use of adrenaline (0.00198%) in a bilateral maxillary nerve block to reduce intraoperative hemorrhage in dogs undergoing staphylectomy for the treatment of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective, randomized, double\u2010blinded controlled study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Sample population<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 32 client owned, clinically affected dogs undergoing a cut and sew sharp staphylectomy for treatment of BOAS. A total of 16 dogs randomly assigned to adrenaline (A) group and 16 to no\u2010adrenaline (NA) group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A bilateral maxillary nerve block was performed in all dogs prior to staphylectomy using lidocaine alone (group NA) or a combination of lidocaine and adrenaline (group A). Total hemorrhage was measured by weighing cotton\u2010tipped applicators and swabs used on precision scales. In addition, a semi\u2010quantitative hemorrhage score (1\u20135) was determined. Dogs were monitored for intraoperative hemodynamic stability during the procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Total hemorrhage was significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.013) lower in group A compared with group NA. The median semi\u2010quantitative hemorrhage score was significantly lower for group A (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.029) compared with group NA. No significant adverse effects were noted due to adrenaline usage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrated that the use of adrenaline in a bilateral maxillary nerve block results in significantly lower intraoperative hemorrhage during cut and sew sharp staphylectomy and appeared safe to use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Potential clinical advantages include improved visualization, prevention of unnecessary blood loss and reduction in risk of blood aspiration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.14039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T19:19:31Z","timestamp":1696533571000},"page":"67-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of the addition of adrenaline in a bilateral maxillary nerve block to reduce hemorrhage in dogs undergoing sharp staphylectomy for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. 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