{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:40:50Z","timestamp":1791582050686,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]],"date-time":"2024-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the in vitro security of four different friction throws (square, surgeon's, Miller's, and strangle), with and without a locking throw, and a slip knot, on a vascular ligation model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Experimental study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Sample population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine groups with nine samples per group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four throws (square, surgeon's, Miller's, and strangle), with and without a locking throw, and a square throw locked in slip knot fashion, were tested to measure leakage pressure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The square and surgeon's throws leaked at a lower pressure than the Miller's and strangle throws (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001). The leakage pressure was below physiologic arterial pressure for the square and the surgeon's throws. After the addition of a locking throw, the five knots leaked at a similar pressure (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.5233) above physiologic arterial pressure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following the addition of a locking throw, all the constructs tested in this study leaked at a similar pressure. The leakage pressure for all knots exceeded physiologic arterial pressures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Any throw tested may be appropriate for secure vascular ligation if the initial throw is applied correctly.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.14069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]],"date-time":"2024-02-25T21:17:12Z","timestamp":1708895832000},"page":"717-722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Influence of a single locking throw on the in vitro holding security of five friction throws"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8307-060X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Wood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0058-2210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Monnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"689","article-title":"Understanding surgical knot security: a proposal to standardize the literature","volume":"180","author":"Dinsmore R","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"1551","volume-title":"Small Animal Veterinary Surgery","author":"Richter M","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","volume-title":"Small Animal Veterinary Surgery","author":"Mayhew P","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"1210","volume-title":"Small Animal Veterinary Surgery","author":"Seguin B","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.157.26.829"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1979.tb00615.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2011.01120.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1308\/003588414X13814021677638"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.245.5.571"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.81.10.821"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2012.01260.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746\u20106148\u201010\u2010S1\u2010S10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.253.2.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-020-02498-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13143"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Creating a leak\u2010proof ligature with confidence: part 2: step\u2010by\u2010step approach to surgical binding knots","volume":"5","author":"Smeak D","year":"2015","journal-title":"Todays Vet Practice"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"225","volume-title":"Veterinary Surgery Small Animal","author":"Boothe HW","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01376.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2013.12076.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2009.00634.x"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","article-title":"Useful \u2018sliding\u2010lock\u2010knot\u2019 technique for suturing dural patch to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage after extended transsphenoidal surgery","volume":"4","author":"Sakamoto N","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-011-0988-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-019-01222-3"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.14069","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]],"date-time":"2024-05-11T05:04:20Z","timestamp":1715403860000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vsu.14069"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vsu.14069"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vsu.14069","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-3499","1532-950X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-3499","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-950X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-07-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}