{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T02:09:18Z","timestamp":1747188558793,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the feasibility of open cholangioscopy using disposable flexible endoscopes in canine cadavers and describe the surgical approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ex vivo experimental cadaveric study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Sample population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight canine cadavers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cadavers ranging from 5.8 to 43.8\u2009kg underwent open transcholecystic cholangioscopy using a disposable flexible endoscope with a 3.8\u2009mm outer diameter and 1.2\u2009mm working channel and the surgical approach was described. The most distal anatomical region of the biliary tree towards the duodenal papilla that was visualized with the endoscope was recorded in each cadaver. A 2.7\u2009mm rigid endoscope and a 1.9\u2009mm flexible endoscope were also trialed and findings recorded. Endoscopic tools were trialed and their usage recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The disposable flexible endoscope was feasible for visualization of the junction of the common bile duct, cystic duct, and hepatic ducts in all eight dogs. Cholangioscopy using a 2.7\u2009mm rigid endoscope did not provide further distal visualization. The 1.9\u2009mm flexible endoscope was able to traverse down to the level of the major duodenal papilla in a 43.8\u2009kg cadaver. Use of certain endoscopic tools can be considered through the disposable flexible endoscope although fluid instillation was affected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 3.8\u2009mm disposable flexible endoscope could be placed through an open transcholecystic approach to provide intraluminal endoscopic evaluation up to the level of the junction of the common bile duct, cystic duct, and hepatic ducts in dogs without cholecystic disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Open transcholecystic cholangioscopy with a disposable flexible endoscope could provide a low\u2010cost diagnostic and therapeutic tool in cases of obstructive biliary disease up to the level of the common bile duct.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.14124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T12:38:40Z","timestamp":1719578320000},"page":"1239-1247","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Feasibility of open cholangioscopy with disposable flexible endoscopes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Colin","family":"Chik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine  Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4623-3582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole J.","family":"Buote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine  Ithaca New York 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