{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T03:25:38Z","timestamp":1772681138625,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe novel patient\u2010specific, string\u2010of\u2010pearls (SOP) plate specific, three\u2010dimensionally (3D) printed, drilling guides for spinal stabilization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Model\u2010 and cadaveric\u2010based experimental, proof of concept study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Sample population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three normal cadaver spines, three normal cadaver spinal models, and three historical canine spinal fracture models were used bilaterally, allowing 18 mock surgeries from T12\u2013L5, and 140 screws.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Computed tomography (CT) was used to virtually straighten all spines and virtually reduce the fractures in the spinal fracture cases. Spinal models and animal\u2010specific drill guides for a SOP plate were created. Screw holes were predrilled using guides, and the spines stabilized with a SOP plate and screws. Post\u2010surgical CTs were performed. Screw placement accuracy was assessed with both the Zdichavski classification and by comparing the post\u2010surgical measurements to the presurgical planning.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All 140 screw trajectories were optimally placed (grade 1 modified Zdichavski score). The transverse and craniocaudal angles were similar across all groups. All but two entry and exit measurements were different, with mean deviations &lt;1\u2009mm from the planned measurements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patient\u2010specific, SOP plate specific, 3D\u2010printed drilling guides allowed safe and relatively accurate placement of screws in the T12\u2013L5 vertebra of dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>With presurgical planning and the described drilling guides, spinal stabilization using a SOP plate may be a safe method of repair. The technique may allow for easier reduction and fixation of vertebral fractures\/luxations, but further clinical studies are needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.14279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T06:20:35Z","timestamp":1748413235000},"page":"1084-1093","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Development and testing of an animal\u2010specific and string\u2010of\u2010pearls (<scp>SOP<\/scp>) plate specific, three\u2010dimensionally (<scp>3D<\/scp>) printed drilling guide: A proof of concept study for canine thoracolumbar spinal stabilization"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Zachary A.","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BluePearl Veterinary Partners  Golden Valley Minnesota 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