{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T03:56:22Z","timestamp":1776138982890,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the complications of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio\u2010sacral lymphadenectomy in dogs with malignant tumors, and to identify possible risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 140 surgical accesses (86 axillary, 27 ilio\u2010sacral, 27 retropharyngeal) in 127 dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dogs with cutaneous\/subcutaneous cancer undergoing staging, lymph node (LN) mapping and extirpation of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and\/or ilio\u2010sacral LNs, with a minimum follow\u2010up of 1 month, were included. Retrieved information included signalment, tumor histotype, LN characteristics, excision of contiguous LNs, anesthesia duration, intra\u2010 and postoperative complications. Data were statistically analyzed to identify risk factors for complication development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Intraoperative complications were registered in 3\/140 (2%) procedures, including hemorrhage during medial iliac lymphadenectomy (2\/27, 7%) and difficulty locating the axillary LN (1\/86, 1%). Postoperative complications occurred in 32\/140 (23%) cases, with rates of 41% (11\/27) following ilio\u2010sacral lymphadenectomy, 26% (7\/27) after medial retropharyngeal lymphadenectomy, and 16% (14\/86) following axillary lymphadenectomy. Ilio\u2010sacral lymphadenectomy presented a higher risk of intraoperative (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.033) and postoperative complications (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.020). Enlarged (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.030) or metastatic (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.030) LNs were more prone to develop intraoperative complications. No risk factor retained significance on multivariate analysis. Median follow\u2010up, conducted through physical examination, was 225\u2009days (range, 30\u20131735).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medial retropharyngeal and axillary lymphadenectomies were generally safe, associated with minor and easily manageable complications. Conversely, ilio\u2010sacral lymphadenectomy carried a higher risk of intraoperative complications, particularly in cases with enlarged LNs, and postoperative complications, potentially related to the caudal laparotomic approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lymphadenectomies of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio\u2010sacral lymph nodes present relatively low complication rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.70003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T04:24:11Z","timestamp":1755577451000},"page":"1463-1476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Complications of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio\u2010sacral lymphadenectomy in 127 dogs with malignant tumors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5906-4963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Ciammaichella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Campanerut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciano","family":"Pisoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8771-1125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Cola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences 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