{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:55:00Z","timestamp":1791309300068,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To compare the biomechanical properties of a three\u2010dimensional (3D) printed titanium plate and spacer (3DM) and a 4.5\u2009mm broad locking compression plate (LCP) for intervertebral fusion of C4\u2013C5 in the horse.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study design<\/jats:title>\n Ex vivo experimental study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Animals<\/jats:title>\n Twenty\u2010four equine cadaveric cervical spines.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Twenty\u2010four cadaver equine cervical spines were randomly assigned to ventral intervertebral fusion with either 3DM (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n =\u200912) or LCP (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n =\u200912) at C4\u2013C5. Four\u2010point bending tests were performed in flexion (3DM\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20096, LCP\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20096) and extension (3DM\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20096, LCP\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20096) in a single cycle to failure. Yield, failure moment, and stiffness in flexion and extension were compared between the 3DM and LCP groups using a mixed effects linear regression model. Failure mode was compared using penalized logistic regression. The significance level was\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009\u2264\u2009.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Yield, failure moment, and stiffness were similar between LCP and 3DM groups, with no differences in either flexion or extension. In extension, displaced fractures (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.03) and screw pullout (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.09) were more common in the LCP group.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The 3DM group had similar yield, failure moment, and stiffness to the LCP group. The LCP constructs were more likely to fail by screw pullout or displaced vertebral fracture in extension. Sample size was a major limitation, so smaller differences in the mechanical variables and failure mode would not have been detected.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Clinical significance<\/jats:title>\n In a cadaver model, the 3DM construct was less likely to fail by displaced fracture when loaded in extension. This warrants in vivo investigation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.70014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T12:54:38Z","timestamp":1759150478000},"page":"1344-1352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Ex vivo biomechanical testing of a three\u2010dimensional printed titanium plate and spacer construct and 4.5\u2009mm locking compression plate for ventral cervical fusion of\n C4<\/scp>\n \u2013\n C5<\/scp>\n in the horse"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Steven","family":"Zedler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Queensland School of Veterinary Science Gatton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantelle","family":"Jukic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Queensland School of Veterinary Science Gatton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"van Eps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies\u2014New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania Kennett Square Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darko","family":"Stefanovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies\u2014New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania Kennett Square Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Genton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinique Equine de Grosbois Boissy Saint L\u00e9ger France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Rossignol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinique Equine de Grosbois Boissy Saint L\u00e9ger France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-48420-6.00053-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119108757.ch40"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1666979"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1993.203.01.108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1979.tb00596.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2005.tb00334.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13449"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1979.tb00614.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-08-10-0101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2010.00733.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2009.00523.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-015-0546-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b64f2c"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12425"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13851"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/042516407X196555"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.70014","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/vsu.70014","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/vsu.70014","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T03:15:27Z","timestamp":1776136527000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/vsu.70014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/vsu.70014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/vsu.70014","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0161-3499","1532-950X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0161-3499","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-950X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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