{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T05:13:27Z","timestamp":1778130807726,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007308","name":"Arthrex GmbH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Study ID"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Study ID"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007308","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007308","name":"Arthrex GmbH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIRR\u201001785"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIRR\u201001785"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007308","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>(1) To establish a surgical technique for minimally invasive biportal endoscopic foraminotomy (BEF) of L7\u2013S1 in dogs using arthroscopic equipment. (2) To compare BEF and dorsolateral foraminotomy (DF) and (3) to provide clinical results of the first client\u2010owned dog treated by way of BEF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ex vivo cadaveric study, case report.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Sample population<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 18 cadaveric lumbosacral spinal specimens (L3\u2013S3). A 4\u2010year\u2010old mixed breed dog with lumbosacral foraminal stenosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A surgical technique using a 3.0\u2009mm 30\u00b0 arthroscope (BEF\u2010A) or a 1.9\u2009mm 0\u00b0 needle arthroscope (BEF\u2010N) was developed in six cadaveric spines. Bilateral L7\u2013S1 foraminotomy was performed in 12 spinal specimens (24 neuroforamina) by (1) DF, (2) BEF\u2010A or (3) BEF\u2010N (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20098\/group). Visualization, iatrogenic nerve root damage, and foraminal enlargement were compared between the three procedures.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      BEF\u2010A provided superior visualization compared to DF and BEF\u2010N (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Iatrogenic nerve root damage was not observed in any of the procedures. All procedures resulted in significant enlargement of the neuroforamen (58\u2009\u00b1\u200933%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.01). BEF\u2010A (81.3\u2009\u00b1\u200930.0%) resulted in significantly more enlargement compared to DF (59.7\u2009\u00b1\u200933.7%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.03) and BEF\u2010N (51.1\u2009\u00b1\u200938.8%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.04). BEF\u2010A was successfully used to treat a client\u2010owned dog with L7\u2013S1 foraminal stenosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BEF\u2010A provided superior visualization and efficacy compared to DF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BEF\u2010A is a safe and effective surgical technique for treating dogs with L7\u2013S1 foraminal stenosis. The technique should be evaluated in larger clinical studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.70096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T05:47:57Z","timestamp":1773380877000},"page":"837-855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biportal endoscopic foraminotomy of the\n                    <scp>L7<\/scp>\n                    \u2013\n                    <scp>S1<\/scp>\n                    neuroforamen in dogs: Description of surgical technique and ex vivo comparison with conventional open dorsolateral foraminotomy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Bekiaridis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Vetsuisse\u2010Faculty University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Pozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Vetsuisse\u2010Faculty University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Steffen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Neurology, Vetsuisse\u2010Faculty University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9868-5703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Guevar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Neurology, Vetsuisse\u2010Faculty University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2689-3842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas A.","family":"Smolders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Vetsuisse\u2010Faculty University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Bessy's Small Animal Clinic, IVC Evidensia  Watt Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2010.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2007.00324.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2004.04033.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.07.98"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000361"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2019.11.1.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.7.SPINE15304"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","first-page":"452","article-title":"Unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression by novice surgeons for lumbar spinal stenosis: a technical note and early results","volume":"123","author":"Kim JE","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2019.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","article-title":"The learning curve of unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy for single\u2010level lumbar disc herniation: a cumulative sum analysis","volume":"9","author":"Chen Y","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.02.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2007.00345.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2017.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2011.00862.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-10-04-0066"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2014.12098.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.12569"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","first-page":"1101","article-title":"Operative techniques of percutaneous endoscopic mini\u2010hemilaminectomy using a uniportal approach in dogs","volume":"79","author":"Moon HS","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13385"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17221\/33\/2020-VETMED"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2025.1543611"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2025.1637089"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2020.105435"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","volume-title":"R: Statistical Software. 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