{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T13:31:53Z","timestamp":1786800713417,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786752000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe vaginourethroplasty\u2010based resection and reconstruction of distal urethral leiomyosarcoma in a female dog and report long\u2010term outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Case report.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One 10\u2010year\u2010old spayed female mixed\u2010breed dog.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrograde urethrovaginography identified a distal urethral filling defect. Two days later, contrast\u2010enhanced computed tomography under general anesthesia demonstrated a 17\u2009\u00d7\u200917\u2009\u00d7\u200924\u2009mm distal urethral mass without distant metastasis; blind biopsy performed immediately afterward was nondiagnostic. Because stranguria progressed, surgery was performed 20\u2009days after presentation in two sequential phases during a single general anesthetic. The proximal urethra was anastomosed end\u2010to\u2010end to the vaginal stump through a ventral approach. Bladder neck cystopexy was added, and the distal urethra, mass, and adjacent vaginal mucosa were removed en bloc through a perineal approach, followed by vaginal reconstruction and vulvoplasty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mass was initially diagnosed as undifferentiated sarcoma and later classified as leiomyosarcoma after immunohistochemical reevaluation. The mitotic count was 12 per 10 high\u2010power fields, and the distal margin was minimal. Voluntary urine storage and voiding were maintained; mild urinary incontinence was managed medically. Approximately 13\u2009months after surgery, a right inguinal lymph node lesion morphologically compatible with metastasis from the prior urethral mesenchymal malignancy was excised. At 49\u2009months after presentation, no local recurrence or new distant metastasis attributable to the urethral lesion had been detected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this dog with distal urethral leiomyosarcoma, the combined ventral and perineal approach was associated with preserved urinary function; no local recurrence was detected through 49\u2009months after presentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.70149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T13:20:53Z","timestamp":1786800053000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long\u2010term outcome after resection and reconstruction using vaginourethroplasty for distal urethral leiomyosarcoma in a female dog"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0078-5333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Petemo Animal Medical Center Sagamihara  Sagamihara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumire","family":"Iriyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petemo Animal Medical Center Sagamihara  Sagamihara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Sawatari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petemo Animal Medical Center Sagamihara  Sagamihara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2003.tb02424.x","article-title":"Canine transitional cell carcinoma","volume":"17","author":"Mutsaers 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dilation in a dog","volume":"4","author":"No\u00ebl S","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet Rec Case Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12456","article-title":"Outcomes and prognostic variables associated with primary abdominal visceral soft tissue sarcomas in dogs: a veterinary Society of Surgical Oncology retrospective study","volume":"17","author":"Linden D","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet Comp Oncol"}],"container-title":["Veterinary 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