{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T07:08:24Z","timestamp":1788764904944,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788652800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess whether intranasal administration of xylometazoline hydrochloride 0.1% reduces intraoperative hemorrhage during ala\u2010vestibuloplasty in dogs undergoing surgical correction for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective, randomized, placebo\u2010controlled clinical trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Sample population<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 30 client\u2010owned brachycephalic dogs undergoing surgery for BOAS with ala\u2010vestibuloplasty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dogs were randomly assigned to receive xylometazoline hydrochloride 0.1% or 0.9% saline intranasally before ala\u2010vestibuloplasty. Total hemorrhage was quantified by weighing cotton\u2010tipped applicators and surgical swabs before and after use. Hemorrhage normalized to bodyweight, percentage estimated blood volume loss, time to hemostasis and rescue hemostatic interventions were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 17 dogs received xylometazoline and 13 received saline. Median total intraoperative hemorrhage was lower with xylometazoline than saline: 6.27\u2009g, interquartile range (IQR): 4.57\u20137.45\u2009g versus 16.49\u2009g, IQR: 15.15\u201325.47\u2009g;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.0001. This represented a 62% reduction and corresponded to estimated median blood volumes of 5.9 and 15.6\u2009mL, respectively. Hemorrhage normalized to bodyweight was also lower with xylometazoline: 0.69\u2009g\/kg versus 1.74\u2009g\/kg;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.0001. Estimated percentage blood\u2010volume loss was lower with xylometazoline: 0.76% versus 1.93%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.0001. Median time to hemostasis was shorter with xylometazoline: 14.0 versus 20.0\u2009min;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.0001. Rescue hemostatic intervention was required in 10\/13 saline\u2010treated dogs and 0\/17 xylometazoline\u2010treated dogs;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intranasal xylometazoline reduced measured intraoperative hemorrhage and shortened observed time to hemostasis in dogs undergoing ala\u2010vestibuloplasty for BOAS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Topical xylometazoline may improve local hemorrhage control and surgical field visibility during ala\u2010vestibuloplasty.<\/jats:p>\n                  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