{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:58:35Z","timestamp":1790913515408,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report the success of thoracic duct (TD) enhancement in cats with idiopathic chylothorax on preoperative computed tomography lymphangiography (CTLA) and intraoperative TD colorization (IOC), and to compare surgical outcomes between cats that did and did not have successful pre\u2010 and intraoperative TD enhancement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multi\u2010institutional retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 24 cats undergoing preoperative CTLA, IOC and TD ligation between February 2016 and January 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Signalment, preoperative diagnostics, method of iohexol administration and quality of TD enhancement on CTLA, surgical procedure, success of TD enhancement via intraoperative colorization, postoperative complications, and clinical outcome were reviewed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      TD enhancement on CTLA was successful in 70.8% of cats, with similar quality of enhancement appreciated with metatarsal and popliteal iohexol injection. TD colorization with indocyanine green (ICG) seen via near\u2010infrared fluorescence (NIRF) was successful in four of five (80%) cats, while methylene blue was successful in eight of 15 (53%) cats. When both TD enhancement on CTLA and IOC occurred, clinical resolution rates were highest (77%) and significantly longer survival times were observed (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009.002), compared to when either CTLA or IOC (53%) or neither (25%) was successful.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Successful enhancement of the TD via CTLA and IOC led to higher clinical resolution rates and was associated with longer survival compared to when only one or neither modality was successful.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The success of TD enhancement via CTLA and IOC may have prognostic significance for cats with idiopathic chylothorax.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.70164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:36:28Z","timestamp":1790912188000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of thoracic duct identification by\n                    <scp>CT<\/scp>\n                    lymphangiography and intraoperative contrast on surgical outcome in cats with idiopathic chylothorax"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7784-8931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille","family":"Andrews","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Brad","family":"Case","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Burneko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5618-1600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelley","family":"Thieman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Services Texas A&amp;M University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences  College Station Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2941-4100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel W.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9140-3221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen","family":"Ham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4202-8701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca P.","family":"Solari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5059-8729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. 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