{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T15:28:01Z","timestamp":1784042881037,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":61,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001407","name":"Department of Biotechnology , Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BT\/PR11467\/MED\/31\/270\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BT\/PR11467\/MED\/31\/270\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001501","name":"University Grants Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001501","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010803","name":"Department of Biotechnology, Government of West Bengal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010803","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001843","name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SB\/SO\/AS\u2010008\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/SO\/AS\u2010008\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001843","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010218","name":"DOST","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010218","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Wound Repair Regeneration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lizards are unique in having both\u2014regeneration competent (tail) as well as non\u2010regenerating appendages (limbs) in adults. They therefore present an appropriate model for comparing processes underlying regenerative repair and nonregenerative healing after amputation. In the current study, we use northern house gecko<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Hemidactylus flaviviridis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>to compare major cellular and molecular events following amputation of the limb and of the tail. Although the early response to injury in both cases comprises apoptosis, proliferation, and angiogenesis, the temporal distribution of these processes in each remained obscure. In this regard, observations were made on the anatomy and gene expression levels of key regulators of these processes during the healing phase of the tail and limb separately. It was revealed that cell proliferation markers like fibroblast growth factors were upregulated early in the healing tail, coinciding with the growing epithelium. The amputated limb, in contrast, showed weak expression of proliferation markers, limited only to fibroblasts in the later stage of healing. Additionally, apoptotic activity in the tail was limited to the very early phase of healing, as opposed to that in the limb, wherein high expression of caspase\u20103 was observed throughout the healing process. Early rise in VEGF\u2010\u03b1 expression reflected an early onset of angiogenesis in the tail, while it was seen to occur at a later stage in case of the limb. Moreover, the expression pattern of transforming growth factor beta members points toward a pro\u2010fibrotic response being induced very early in the amputated limb. Collectively, these results explain why regenerating appendages are able to heal without scars and if we are to induce scar\u2010free healing in nonregenerating limbs, what interventions can be envisaged. This is crucial to the field of regenerative medicine since it is the initial stages of repair following amputation, which decide whether the appendage will be restored or only covered with a scab.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,28]],"date-time":"2018-07-28T20:04:40Z","timestamp":1532808280000},"page":"366-380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Inherent variations in the cellular events at the site of amputation orchestrate scar\u2010free wound healing in the tail and scarred wound healing in the limb of lizard<scp><i>Hemidactylus flaviviridis<\/i><\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Isha","family":"Ranadive","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonam","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pranav","family":"Buch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gowrikumari","family":"Uggini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isha","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N. 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Patel College of Pure and Applied Sciences Vallabh Vidhya Nagar Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suresh","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara Gujarat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000339613"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2004.1475"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diff.2014.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-092910-154251"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/embo-reports\/kvf119"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.69.4.513"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(96)00115-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"213","article-title":"Wound bed preparation: the science behind the removal of barriers to healing","volume":"15","author":"Enoch S","year":"2003","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CarlsonBM.Tissue interactions in regeneration. 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