{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T16:56:38Z","timestamp":1785516998615,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,20]],"date-time":"2019-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Wound Repair Regeneration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Venous leg ulcers are complex, and their multifactorial etiology make successful treatment a difficult and long process. Nonhealing ulcers are the greatest challenge because they are resistant to standard therapies. In this study, we analyzed whether monitoring the temperature of the ulcered limb wound area could benefit the diagnosis of the wound's tendency to heal (estimating the presence of a healing or nonhealing wound) in patients with two\u2010sided venous leg ulcers. This prospective, 12\u2010week observational study included 57 adult individuals with chronic venous leg ulcers. The dynamics of wound healing was assessed by planimetry and infrared thermography every two weeks. We analyzed temperatures measured at three marked areas\u2014the wound, the periwound skin, and the reference area. An initial wound area larger than 1\u2009cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> was associated with a temperature increase of 0.027\u200a\u00b0C in the periwound skin. A 1\u2010cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> decrease in the wound area was associated with a 0.04\u200a\u00b0C decrease in the temperature difference between the periwound skin and wound. A strong positive relationship was identified for both the bacteriology variables (the presence of bacteria: temperature increase in the periwound skin of 0.4\u200a\u00b0C, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; the number of bacterial species in a wound, temperature increase of 0.95\u200a\u00b0C, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The temperature in the reference area was significantly correlated with the failure of the superficial and perforating veins (temperature increase of 0.69\u200a\u00b0C, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.04). This study reports that the assessment of the temperature a limb may be beneficial in predicting whether an ulcer is a healing or a nonhealing ulcer. The decrease in the temperature differences between the areas referred to as healing wounds was the only beneficial prognostic marker. Other temperature differences in the periwound skin were caused by disorders, such as multibacterial wound infections and superficial venous inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,9]],"date-time":"2019-11-09T16:29:22Z","timestamp":1573316962000},"page":"224-233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Infrared thermography to prognose the venous leg ulcer healing process\u2014preliminary results of a 12\u2010week, prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2382-1496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justyna","family":"Cwajda\u2010Bia\u0142asik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perioperative Nursing, Department of Surgical Nursing and Chronic Wound Care Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University  Toru\u0144 Poland"},{"name":"Outpatient Department for Chronic Wound Management University Hospital No 1  Bydgoszcz Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulina","family":"Mo\u015bcicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perioperative Nursing, Department of Surgical Nursing and Chronic Wound Care Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University  Toru\u0144 Poland"},{"name":"Outpatient Department for Chronic Wound Management University Hospital No 1  Bydgoszcz Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arkadiusz","family":"Jawie\u0144","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz Nicolaus Copernicus University  Toru\u0144 Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria T.","family":"Szewczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perioperative Nursing, Department of Surgical Nursing and Chronic Wound Care Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University  Toru\u0144 Poland"},{"name":"Outpatient Department for Chronic Wound Management University Hospital No 1  Bydgoszcz Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"36","article-title":"Functional and biopsychosocial restrictions among patients with a venous ulcer","volume":"2","author":"Jawie\u0144 A","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Med 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