{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T08:24:50Z","timestamp":1790843090633,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]],"date-time":"2021-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Wound Repair Regeneration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sickle leg ulcer (SLU) occurs as a result chronic occlusion of the vasculature with consequent necrosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissue usually in proximity of the malleoli. The description of clinical associations and the simultaneous occurrence of SLU and other complications of SCD compared to the non\u2010SLU patients was the aim of this work. A total of 272 (60.8% males and 39.2% females) patients were captured during this time period out of which 68 (51 males and 17 females) had SLU out of whom 20 patients had bilateral leg ulcers. Prevalence of SLU was 25% and the median age of patients was 25\u2009years, frequency of crisis 2 per annum and 44 (74.6%) had been transfused in the past. Median Hb of the group was 7.6\u00a0g\/dl and 25% had values lower than 6.5. The occurrence of other complications in SLU patients was as follows; 10 had AVN, 9 priapism, 8 had osteomyelitis, 6 nephropathy, stroke 2, osteoarthritis 4 and cholelithiasis 4. There was a significant relationship between the occurrence of SLU and gender of the patient being more in 67males\u2014Likelihood ratio 4.610 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.032) and the occurrence of pulmonary hypertension\u2014Likelihood ratio 4.762 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.029). There was no significant association between the occurrence of SLU and other complications of SCD. Leg ulcer patients have a median age of 25\u2009years with a prevalence of 25% but do not necessarily show other features of severe disease phenotypes. SLU patients were more likely to develop pulmonary hypertension. Further studies on impact of environmental factors on the occurrence of SLU are needed to further evaluate its aetiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]],"date-time":"2021-11-05T13:32:47Z","timestamp":1636119167000},"page":"126-131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Phenotypic characterisation and associations of leg ulcers in adult sickle cell patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4284-2428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anazoeze","family":"Madu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology and Immunology University of Nigeria, Ituku\u2010Ozalla Campus  Enugu State Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenechi","family":"Madu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Orthopaedic Hospital  Enugu Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikechukwu","family":"Anigbogu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology and Immunology University of Nigeria, Ituku\u2010Ozalla Campus  Enugu State Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela Ogechukwu","family":"Ugwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology and Immunology University of Nigeria, Ituku\u2010Ozalla Campus  Enugu State Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent A.","family":"Okwulehie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Nigeria, Ituku\u2010Ozalla Campus  Enugu State Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uchenna","family":"Ololo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology and Immunology University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku\u2010Ozalla  Enugu State Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chioma","family":"Ugwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology and Immunology University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku\u2010Ozalla  Enugu State Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelechi","family":"Chikezie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology and Immunology University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku\u2010Ozalla  Enugu State Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5157031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2015.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21058"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SMJ.0b013e318200c6ba"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1024\/0301-1526.31.3.191"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1997.tb04185.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-12-755777"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Momoh MI. Leg ulceration in a population of Nigerian patients with sickle cell anaemia\u2014twenty years experience","volume":"1","author":"Idaewor PO","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Med Biomed Res [Internet]"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21440"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1987.01660280084029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2006.06074.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_4_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-020-04057-8"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence and predictive factors for leg ulcers in sickle cell disease patients in Saudi Arabia: a\u00a0cross\u2010sectional observational study","volume":"12","author":"Kaliyadan F","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus [Internet]"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Leg ulcers in sickle cell disease: current patterns and practices","volume":"37","author":"Delaney K\u2010MH","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hemoglobin [Internet]"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2006.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-02-268193"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"Nitric oxide and pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"2","author":"Chester AH","year":"2017","journal-title":"Glob Cardiol Sci Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-08-039438"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00252.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002095"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370219849592"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.22065"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23571"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-019-03792-x"}],"container-title":["Wound Repair and Regeneration"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/wrr.12970","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/wrr.12970","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/wrr.12970","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T05:17:10Z","timestamp":1718774230000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/wrr.12970"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/wrr.12970"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/wrr.12970","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1067-1927","1524-475X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1067-1927","type":"print"},{"value":"1524-475X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-01-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-11-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}