{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T02:13:36Z","timestamp":1792462416246,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":42,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009408","name":"Fondation Brain Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009408","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001804","name":"Canada Research Chairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Wound Repair Regeneration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of an intermittent electrical stimulation (IES) paradigm on the healing of deep tissue pressure injury (DTPI). Electrical stimulation has been extensively studied for the treatment of open wounds, often with amplitudes lower than motor threshold. The effect of electrical stimulation in producing palpable muscle contractions on the treatment of DTPI has not been explored. IES was tested in rats with complete spinal cord injury in which a DTPI was subsequently induced. The goals of the study were to investigate: (i) the natural progression of a DTPI; and (ii) the role of IES in expediting the rate of healing. Three groups of rats were used: (a) a control group in which DTPI is induced, (b) a control group in which stimulation only is applied without the induction of DTPI and (c) an intervention group in which DTPI is induced and IES is applied. Magnetic resonance imaging monitored the extent and progression of injury 1, 3, 5 and 7\u2009days post\u2010induction of injury and\/or initiation of IES. Immunohistochemistry assessed the severity of injury and rate of healing by evaluating the presence of inflammatory cells and embryonic myofibres. When applied on day 1 after the induction of DTPI, IES significantly reduced the edema associated with the injury, increased pro\u2010 and anti\u2010inflammatory macrophages and increased cell proliferation. It also decreased the overall size of injury. These results suggest that when applied early after the initiation of a DTPI, IES can expedite anti\u2010inflammatory and pro\u2010regenerative events and may be an effective means for treating the injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.70102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T01:52:32Z","timestamp":1760406752000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Intermittent Electrical Stimulation\u2010Induced Contractions Accelerate Pro\u2010Regenerative Processes in Muscles With Deep Tissue Injury in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Hemalatha","family":"Velanki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience &amp; Mental Health Institute University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Institute for Smart Augmentative and Restorative Technologies and Health Innovations (iSMART) University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Tyreman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Smart Augmentative and Restorative Technologies and Health Innovations (iSMART) University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Seres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter S. Allen MR Research Centre University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leandro R.","family":"Solis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Smart Augmentative and Restorative Technologies and Health Innovations (iSMART) University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Smart Augmentative and Restorative Technologies and Health Innovations (iSMART) University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Smart Augmentative and Restorative Technologies and Health Innovations (iSMART) University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Peter S. Allen MR Research Centre University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivian K.","family":"Mushahwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience &amp; Mental Health Institute University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Institute for Smart Augmentative and Restorative Technologies and Health Innovations (iSMART) University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-8422(23)01168-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030348"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"317","article-title":"Cases of Un\u2010United Fracture Treated by Electricity","volume":"5","author":"Lente R. 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