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We have investigated whether escalating doses of blue LED light treatment (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009405\u2009nm) impact the chronic wound microbiota. Twenty\u2010two patients with chronic wounds were sequentially assigned to a low dose (20\u2009J\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20097), medium dose (60\u2009J\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098), or high dose (100\u2009J\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20097) of blue LED light. Bacterial counts, cytokine levels in wound fluid obtained by surface swab and wound size were determined at baseline. Four days after the baseline visit, wounds were irradiated six times with blue LED light at 2\u20133\u2010day intervals over 2\u2009weeks. Bacteria were semi\u2010quantified just before and directly after each irradiation. Blue LED light reduced bacterial counts dose\u2010dependently (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and the mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD log\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    reduction of colony\u2010forming units\/swab from the six treatments was significantly larger for 60\u2009J\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    (1.55\u2009\u00b1\u20090.33) and 100\u2009J\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    (1.82\u2009\u00b1\u20090.22) compared with the 20\u2009J\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    fluence (0.65\u2009\u00b1\u20090.095). The reductions of the 60\u2009J\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    and 100\u2009J\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    fluences did not differ (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.180). Bacterial counts at follow\u2010up (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.668), 4\u2009days after the last irradiation and the levels of selected cytokines (IL\u20101\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, GM\u2010CSF, TNF\u2010\u03b1 and VEGF) did not change significantly from baseline. The linear healing rates from baseline to follow\u2010up did not differ (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.815) among the three groups. In conclusion, blue LED light treatment resulted in an immediate but transient reduction of bacterial quantities in chronic wounds, with no apparent advantage to increasing the dose from 60\u2009J\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    . There was no significant effect on wound healing of blue light treatment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.70180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T07:20:19Z","timestamp":1782976819000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Blue\n                    <scp>LED<\/scp>\n                    Light Attenuates the Bacterial Bioburden in Chronic Wounds Transiently but Dose\u2010Dependently"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Frederik","family":"Plum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermato\u2010Venereology and Copenhagen Wound Healing Center Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aqella","family":"Rasul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermato\u2010Venereology and Copenhagen Wound Healing Center Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa Anna","family":"Burian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermato\u2010Venereology and Copenhagen Wound Healing Center Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7543-9016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claus Henrik","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases Rigshospitalet, University Hospital  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled S. A.","family":"Ghathian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen  Hvidovre Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2263-0826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magnus S.","family":"\u00c5gren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermato\u2010Venereology and Copenhagen Wound Healing Center Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrine E.","family":"Karmisholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermato\u2010Venereology and Copenhagen Wound Healing Center Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3248-8448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Klaus","family":"Kirketerp\u2010M\u00f8ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermato\u2010Venereology and Copenhagen Wound Healing Center Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen 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