{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T06:33:26Z","timestamp":1774766006476,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,28]],"date-time":"2015-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Worldviews Ev Based Nurs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the effect of foot reflexology applied on infants on acute pain that may arise after vaccine injection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sample consisted of 1\u2010 to 12\u2010month\u2010old infants registered in a family health center in Istanbul, Turkey, for healthcare follow\u2010up. A total of 60 infants who met the criteria of the sample group were included in the study; 30 infants constituted the reflexology group and the other 30 constituted the control group. Although questionnaire forms were used to determine the descriptive characteristics of infant\u2010mother pairs, the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) Pain Assessment Scale was used to evaluate pain level. Infants in the reflexology group received reflexology treatment for an average of 20\u201330 minutes before vaccination, depending on the physical size of the infant's foot. Pain, heart rate, oxygen saturation levels, and crying periods of infants in the reflexology and control groups were evaluated before and after vaccination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The FLACC pain score was observed to be statistically similar between groups. After reflexology was applied to infants in the reflexology group before vaccination, it was determined that the pain score was reduced to .50 \u00b1 1.14. In the examination performed after vaccination, FLACC pain score was found to be 5.47 \u00b1 2.11 in the reflexology group and 9.63 \u00b1 .85 in the control group. A statistically significant difference was observed between the mean FLACC pain scores of infants in the reflexology and control groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .000). The infants in the reflexology group also had lower heart rates, higher oxygen saturation, and shorter crying periods than the infants in the control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt;.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Linking Evidence to Actions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reflexology before vaccine reduced the pain level experienced after vaccination. Future research needs to explore different interventional practices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/wvn.12099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,28]],"date-time":"2015-07-28T21:55:13Z","timestamp":1438120513000},"page":"289-296","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["The Effect of Foot Reflexology on Acute Pain in Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Tuba","family":"Ko\u00e7","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul University Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Pediatric Nursing Department  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Duygu","family":"G\u00f6zen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istanbul University, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing Pediatric Nursing Department  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"The effect of kangaroo care on pain in premature infants during invasive procedures","volume":"51","author":"Akcan E.","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Yenido\u011fan bebeklere uygulanan i\u011fneli giri\u015fimlerde non\u2010farmakolojik a\u011fr\u0131 giderme y\u00f6ntemlerinin etkinli\u011finin incelenmesi","volume":"22","author":"Aky\u00fcrek B.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ege \u00dcniversitesi Hem\u015firelik Y\u00fcksek Okulu Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"164","volume-title":"International Journal of Nursing Practice","author":"\u00c7etinkaya B.","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Yenido\u011fanda a\u011fr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme ve y\u00f6netim","volume":"10","author":"Derebent E.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cumhuriyet \u00dcniversitesi Hem\u015firelik Y\u00fcksekokulu Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.08.037"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Yenido\u011fanlarda a\u011fr\u0131 ve nanfarmakolojik tedavi","volume":"27","author":"Din\u00e7er \u015e.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sel\u00e7uk \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","volume-title":"SPSS Paket Program\u0131 ile istatistiksel veri analizi","author":"Erol H.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","article-title":"Kanserli hastalarda ayak refleksolojisinin a\u011fr\u0131 ve anksiyete \u00fczerine etkisinin incelenmesi [The effect of foot reflexology on pain and anxiety in cancer patients]. 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