{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:06:26Z","timestamp":1790636786630,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Worldviews Ev Based Nurs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Older adults face growing risks of depression and anxiety, yet stigma, comorbidities, cost, and limited access impede receipt of conventional care. Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs), including immersive virtual reality (VR), exergaming, and mobile apps, may reduce these barriers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy of DMHIs in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms among adults aged \u2265\u200950\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a PRISMA adherent systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials. Interventions included immersive VR, exergaming\/physical digital platforms, mobile applications, and digital cognitive training. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were pooled with random effects models; heterogeneity was assessed with\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nineteen RCTs (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009718; mean ages 50.9\u201384.7\u2009years) met inclusion criteria. Across studies, DMHIs significantly reduced depressive symptoms (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.656, 95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22120.932 to \u22120.380;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and anxiety symptoms (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.559, 95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22120.740 to \u22120.380;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Immersive and physically engaging modalities (e.g., VR, exergaming) outperformed app\u2010based approaches. Heterogeneity ranged from moderate to high (\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009\u2248\u200969.6%\u201397%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Linking Evidence to Action<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Offer DMHIs<\/jats:italic>\n                      : especially VR or exergaming when access to in\u2010person therapy is limited or as an adjunct to usual care. Provide brief onboarding and, when feasible, caregiver support to boost adherence and confidence with technology. Select or configure age\u2010friendly interfaces (e.g., large fonts, simple navigation) to address common usability barriers. Integrate DMHIs into stepped\u2010care or rehabilitation pathways and monitor outcomes with validated tools (e.g., GDS, STAI). Address equity by supplying devices\/connectivity solutions and consider cost\u2010effectiveness and long\u2010term engagement in implementation plans.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Trial Registration: PROSPERO ID: CRD420250655153<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/wvn.70119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T09:48:33Z","timestamp":1771408113000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Efficacy of Digital Mental Health Interventions for Depression and Anxiety in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2762-3350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatma Magdi","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RAK College of Nursing RAK Medical and Health Sciences University  Ras Al Khaimah UAE"},{"name":"Faculty of Nursing Mansoura University  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iliya","family":"Petkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Medical University\u2014Sofia  Sofia Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1059-3236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed Musaed","family":"Al\u2010Jabri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University  Wadi Al Dawasir Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Hammoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bauman Moscow State Technical University Moscow Russia  Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1390-3765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamad Ahmad Saleem","family":"Khasawneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Education Department King Khalid University  Abha Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirwan Khaled","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, College of Nursing Knowledge University  Erbil Iraq"},{"name":"College of Nursing University of Raparin  Rania Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6929-3361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghada","family":"Shahrour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RAK College of Nursing RAK Medical and Health Sciences University  Ras Al Khaimah UAE"},{"name":"Faculty of Nursing Jordan University of Science and Technology  Irbid Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/11694"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(18)30142\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.35576"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055\u2010023\u201000797\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.2016\u20100197"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2021.07.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2022.2046695"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5588"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbaa153"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18041899"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2020.106622"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877\u2010023\u201003760\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0251326"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.789456"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","unstructured":"Office for National Statistics (ONS).2015.Population Estimates for UK England and Wales Scotland and Northern Ireland: Mid\u20102014.http:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/ons\/rel\/pop\u2010estimate\/populationestimates\u2010for\u2010uk\u2010england\u2010and\u2010wales\u2010scotland\u2010and\u2010northern\u2010ireland\/mid\u20102014\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/35159"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23337214241234567"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2022.0196"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000534555"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0253717620929164"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/32199"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2018.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2023.2182916"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065\u2010021\u201009501\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2020.0297"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182\u2010019\u20100165\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/24612"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","unstructured":"UN.2015.World Population Ageing 2015. United Nations.https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/development\/desa\/population\/publications\/pdf\/ageing\/WPA2015_Highlights.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2016.15081045"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1139821"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","volume-title":"Mental Health of Older Adults","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/g4h.2019.0130"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102022\u2010067858"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2020.102303"}],"container-title":["Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/wvn.70119","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/wvn.70119","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/wvn.70119","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T03:25:24Z","timestamp":1777605924000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/wvn.70119"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/wvn.70119"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/wvn.70119","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-102X","1741-6787"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-102X","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-6787","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70119"}}