{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T18:04:38Z","timestamp":1789581878882,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012400","name":"Sigma Theta Tau International","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0017733061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0017733061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012400","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Worldviews Ev Based Nurs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Acute care increasingly depends on nursing leaders who demonstrate relational leadership, particularly servant leadership (SL). Evidence links SL to healthy work environments and nurse well\u2010being. Given its prominence as a core attribute of nurse leadership in Magnet\u2011designated organizations, a validated instrument to assess SL behaviors is needed; however, no such tool currently exists.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n To develop and validate an instrument measuring nurse leaders' SL behavior aligned with Magnet's 5 Model Components in hospital settings.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Items were generated through literature review and expert evaluation (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200916) for content and face validity. In Phase 3, final testing was conducted with nurse leaders from 3 Magnet\u2011designated U.S. hospitals (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009200) completed the scales. Psychometric testing and evaluation were completed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Expert review yielded a content validity index of 1.0. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses reduced 53 attributes to a 13\u2011item self\u2011administered scale aligned with four components. The fifth component, Empirical Outcomes, was embedded within the other four components. Factor loadings ranged from 0.64 to 0.84 (all >\u20090.30;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001). Cronbach's alpha values for all components exceeded 0.85. Findings support the validity, reliability, and multidimensional structure of the Healthcare Servant Leadership Scale (HSLS).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Linking Evidence to Practice<\/jats:title>\n The HSLS offers a concise, psychometrically robust tool for assessing Magnet's 5 Components in nursing environments. By reducing 53 attributes to 13 items, it enables efficient evaluation of nurse leaders' perceived behaviors and supports evidence\u2011based leadership development across both Magnet and non\u2011Magnet hospital settings.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/wvn.70178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T17:45:32Z","timestamp":1789580732000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and Psychometric Testing of an Instrument to Measure Servant Leadership Behaviors in Magnet Nurse Leaders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8394-9315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holly","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Research Premier Health System Dayton Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9355-6873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"O'Malley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Research Premier Health System Dayton Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/EBHRM\u201006\u20102019\u20100049"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","unstructured":"American Nurses Credentialing Center.2017.\u201cMagnet Model: Creating a Magnet Culture.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/organizational\u2010programs\/magnet\/about\u2010magnet\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","unstructured":"American Nurses Credentialing Center.2019a.\u201cCriteria for Nursing Excellence: Empirical Outcomes.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","unstructured":"American Nurses Credentialing Center.2019b.\u201cCriteria for Nursing Excellence: Exemplary Professional Practice.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","unstructured":"American Nurses Credentialing Center.2019c.\u201cCriteria for nursing excellence: New knowledge innovations & improvements.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","unstructured":"American Nurses Credentialing Center.2019d.\u201cCriteria for nursing excellence: Structural empowerment.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","unstructured":"American Nurses Credentialing Center.2019e.\u201cCriteria for nursing excellence: Transformational leadership.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","unstructured":"American Nurses Credentialing Center. n.d.\u201cAbout Magnet: New 2020 Magnet mission and vision.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/organizational\u2010programs\/magnet\/about\u2010magnet\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","volume-title":"Social Learning Theory","author":"Bandura A.","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","volume-title":"Exchange and Power in Social Life","author":"Blau P. M.","year":"1964"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2015.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22237\/jmasm\/1430453580"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0036316"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1082\u2010989X.4.3.272"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","volume-title":"Servant Leadership: A Journey Into the Nature of Legitimate Power and Greatness","author":"Greenleaf R. K.","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","unstructured":"Hall H. H.2016.\u201cAn Exploration of the Relationship Between Servant Leadership Characteristics of Nurse Leaders and the Perception of Empowerment Among Their Followers\u2009(Publication No. 10129698).\u201d[Doctoral dissertation Indiana Wesleyan University]. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/jonm\/5730405"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine.2010.\u201cThe Future of Nursing: Leading Change Advancing Health.\u201dhttp:\/\/hdl.voced.edu.au\/10707\/249309."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-7135-6","volume-title":"Instrument Development in the Affective Domain","author":"McCoach D. B.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0739\u20106686.28.233"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","volume-title":"Statistical Methods for Health Care Research","author":"Munro B. H.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","unstructured":"National Council of State Boards of Nursing.2025.\u201cNursing workforce and shortage trends.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.ncsbn.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551\u2010012\u20101322\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i02"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","volume-title":"Seven Pillars of Servant Leadership: Practicing the Wisdom of Leading by Serving","author":"Sipe J. W.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5116\/ijme.4dfb.8dfd"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","volume-title":"Occupational Outlook Handbook for Registered Nurses","author":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics","year":"2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040296"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21315\/eimj2019.11.2.6"}],"container-title":["Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/wvn.70178","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/wvn.70178","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/wvn.70178","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T17:45:38Z","timestamp":1789580738000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sigmapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/wvn.70178"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/wvn.70178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/wvn.70178","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-102X","1741-6787"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-102X","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-6787","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70178"}}