{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T03:36:05Z","timestamp":1784950565104,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":39,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Xenotransplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kidney transplantation remains the preferred treatment for end\u2010stage renal disease (ESRD), yet its application is constrained by a persistent shortage of donor organs. Xenotransplantation has emerged as a promising alternative, but its clinical adoption faces complex ethical, cultural, and psychological barriers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a phenomenological approach, we conducted semi\u2010structured face\u2010to\u2010face interviews with 18 kidney transplant candidates who opposed xenotransplantation at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between June and August 2025. Data were analyzed inductively using NVivo software in conjunction with Colaizzi's seven\u2010step method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Four interrelated themes captured the key barriers to acceptance:\n                      <jats:bold>(1) Anxiety about physical self\u2010identity and social pressure<\/jats:bold>\n                      \u2014fears of losing bodily integrity or facing stigma;\n                      <jats:bold>(2) Concerns about medical safety<\/jats:bold>\n                      \u2014perceived risks of rejection, infection, and technological uncertainty;\n                      <jats:bold>(3) Information barriers and decision\u2010making dilemmas<\/jats:bold>\n                      \u2014fragmented information and lack of professional guidance; and\n                      <jats:bold>(4) Lack of trust and security mechanisms<\/jats:bold>\n                      \u2014mistrust in both the technology and institutional safeguards.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The acceptance of xenotransplantation among Chinese kidney transplant candidates who oppose xenotransplantation is hindered by multidimensional, interlinked factors involving identity, safety, knowledge, and trust. Addressing these specific barriers through targeted transparent education, ethical governance, and institutional trust\u2010building strategies is essential for the responsible clinical integration of xenotransplantation and also provides a reference for communicating with skeptical candidates in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/xen.70127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T04:16:36Z","timestamp":1775794596000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["\u201cWill I Still be Myself?\u201d Opposition to Xenotransplantation Among Chinese Kidney Transplant Candidates: A Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Wenhao","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Ward, West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"West China School of Nursing Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West China School of Nursing Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shangping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Ward, West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"West China School of Nursing Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"XiaoQing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Ward, West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"West China School of Nursing Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"XiaoQing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Ward, West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"West China School of Nursing Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingli","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Ward, West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"West China School of Nursing Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunmei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Ward, West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"West China School of Nursing Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0593-2312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Ward, West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"West China School of Nursing Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8447-8565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiling","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Transplant Ward, West China Hospital Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"West China School of Nursing Sichuan University  Chengdu Sichuan 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