{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:53:29Z","timestamp":1792180409505,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":33,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Xenotransplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Xenotransplantation offers a promising solution to the shortage of human organs for transplantation but requires overcoming numerous immune responses\u2014particularly those mediated by the innate immune system through natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages. This review examines advances demonstrating that the expression of human leukocyte antigen E (HLA\u2010E) on porcine cells contributes to reduce cellular xenograft rejection. HLA\u2010E expression partially inhibits both direct NK cell cytotoxicity and antibody\u2010dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), while also attenuating macrophage\u2010mediated lysis. Furthermore, perfusion of transgenic porcine organs expressing HLA\u2010E with human blood resulted in significantly less tissue damage compared to wild\u2010type counterparts, thereby confirming the protective effect of HLA\u2010E against innate immunity. Inhibition of NK cell activation can be further enhanced by co\u2010expression of HLA\u2010G and HLA\u2010E. These findings confirm the potential of HLA\u2010E and HLA\u2010G expression as a complementary strategy in the design of immune\u2010compatible porcine organs for clinical xenotransplantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/xen.70155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T05:09:58Z","timestamp":1785820198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Potential Role of Expression of HLA\u2010E and HLA\u2010G in Organ Xenotransplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1773-1666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey K.","family":"Sumbo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Medicine University of Fribourg  Fribourg Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8232-2227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Acute Medicine Geneva University Hospitals  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eckhard","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences LMU Munich Munich Germany"},{"name":"Center For Innovative Medical Models (CiMM) LMU Munich  Oberschlei\u00dfheim Germany"},{"name":"German Center For Diabetes Research (DZD)  Neuherberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4149-5452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David K. 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