{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:28:59Z","timestamp":1790832539539,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,16]],"date-time":"2012-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1350345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There is limited published information regarding antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in aquaculture. Our objective was to determine the opinions of aquaculture\u2010allied professionals around the world on the frequency of AMU and AMR in common aquatic species. The study questionnaire included five sections: respondent demographics, extent of AMU in aquaculture, frequency of observations of AMR in aquaculture, AMR monitoring and surveillance and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in various jurisdictions. It was administered in English and Spanish to 604 professionals in 25 countries and with varying expertise in aquaculture. The response rate was 33% (199\/604). Over half of the participants had &gt;10\u2003years of experience in aquaculture: 70% (140\/199) were involved in fish health\/clinical work and their primary experience was with salmon, tilapia, trout, shrimp (including prawn) and\/or catfish. Tetracycline use was reported by 28%, 46%, 18%, 37% and 9% of respondents working with catfish, salmon, tilapia, trout and shrimp, respectively. Resistance to tetracycline in one or more species of bacteria was reported as \u2018frequent\u2010to\u2010almost always\u2019 for the same aquaculture species by 39%, 28%, 17%, 52% and 36% of respondents, respectively. \u2018Frequent\u2010to\u2010almost always\u2019 use of quinolone was reported by 70% (32\/46) and 67% (8\/12) of respondents from the United States and Canada, respectively, where quinolone products are not approved for aquaculture, and extra\u2010label fluoroquinolone use is either prohibited (United States) or discouraged (Canada). Similar frequencies of quinolone use were also reported by the majority of respondents from Europe [70% (7\/10)] and Asia [90% (9\/10)] where labelled indications exist. This baseline information can be used to prioritize research or surveillance for AMU and AMR in aquaculture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,16]],"date-time":"2012-10-16T08:49:46Z","timestamp":1350377386000},"page":"426-436","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Aquaculture: Findings of a Globally Administered Survey of Aquaculture\u2010Allied Professionals"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Tu\u0161evljak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Dutil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Raji\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. C.","family":"Uhland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"McClure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"St\u2010Hilaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. J.","family":"Reid\u2010Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. A.","family":"McEwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.20.3.1318"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"ASM Task Force on Antibiotic Resistance 1995:Report of the ASM Task Force on Antibiotic Resistance.American Society for Microbiology Washington DC."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"Benbrook C. M. 2002:Antibiotic drug use in U.S. aquaculture. IATP Report. Available at:http:\/\/www.iatp.org\/documents\/antibiotic\u2010drug\u2010use\u2010in\u2010us\u2010aquaculture\u20103(accessed on 19 August 2010)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture and Lands 2008:Fish Health Program Annual Report. British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture and Lands Animal Health Branch \u2013 Fish Health. 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Available at:http:\/\/www.danmap.org\/pdfFiles\/Danmap_2009.pdf(accessed on 10 August 2010)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-68.11.2395"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA 2009:The community summary report on trends and sources of zoonosis and zoonotic agents in the European Union. Available at:http:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu\/en\/scdocs\/scdoc\/223r.htm(accessed on 10 August 2010).","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2009.223r"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"FAO 2009:The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2008. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome. Available at:http:\/\/www.fao.org\/fishery\/sofia\/en(accessed on 9 August 2010)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"FAO Fisheries technical paper 2005:Responsible use of antibiotics in aquaculture. 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