{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T23:22:25Z","timestamp":1792020145430,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,15]],"date-time":"2013-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1360886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Canine brucellosis is a reportable zoonotic disease that can lead to canine reproductive losses and human infection through contact with infected urine or other genitourinary secretions. Although many locations require testing and euthanasia of positive dogs, current diagnosis is limited by the time required for seroconversion, for example, presence of<jats:italic>B.\u00a0canis<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific antibodies. The goal of this study was to determine the diagnostic ability of<jats:italic>Brucella canis<\/jats:italic>\u2010specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>) assay to detect<jats:italic>B.\u00a0canis<\/jats:italic>in field samples prior to serological positivity for faster diagnosis and prevention of transmission within kennels or in households. Two kennels, one of which was located in the owner's home, were sampled following observation of suggestive clinical signs and positive serology of at least one dog. Specimens obtained were comparatively analysed via serology and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>analysis. 107 dogs were analysed for<jats:italic>B.\u00a0canis<\/jats:italic>infection via<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>: 105 via whole\u2010blood samples, 65 via vaginal swab, six via urine and seven via genitourinary tract tissue taken at necropsy. Forty\u2010five dogs were found to be infected with canine brucellosis via<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>, of which 22 (48.89%) were seropositive. A statistically significant number (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.0228) of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010positive dogs, 5\/25 (20.00%), seroconverted within a 30\u2010day interval after initial serologic testing. As compared to serology,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>analysis of DNA from vaginal swabs had a sensitivity of 92.31% and specificity of 51.92%, and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>analysis of DNA from whole\u2010blood samples had a sensitivity of 16.67% and specificity of 100%.<jats:italic>B.\u00a0canis outer membrane protein 25<\/jats:italic>DNA<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>from non\u2010invasive vaginal swab and urine samples provided early detection of<jats:italic>B.\u00a0canis<\/jats:italic>infection in dogs prior to detection of antibodies. This assay provides a critical tool to decrease zoonotic spread of canine brucellosis, its associated clinical presentation(s), and emotional and economic repercussions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,15]],"date-time":"2013-02-15T12:44:19Z","timestamp":1360932259000},"page":"48-54","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Early Detection of<i>Brucella Canis<\/i>via Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"L. K.","family":"Kauffman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University Ames IA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. K.","family":"Bjork","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University Ames IA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Gallup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University Ames IA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. M.","family":"Boggiatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University Ames IA USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University Ames IA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. H.","family":"Bellaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University Ames IA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. A.","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University Ames IA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2006.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1976.169.11.1214","article-title":"A serologic survey of a population of Georgia dogs for Brucella canis and an evaluation of the slide agglutination test","volume":"169","author":"Brown J.","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. 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Stand."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Brucellosis on the rise in canine breeding kennels","volume":"13","author":"Evans L.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Iowa Veterinary Medical Association Update Newsletter."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01496-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"369","volume-title":"Infectious Diseases of the Cat and Dog","author":"Greene C. 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