{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T16:42:35Z","timestamp":1696696955275},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,23]],"date-time":"2013-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to characterize isolates of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>almonella enterica<\/jats:italic> serovar <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>nteritidis (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>.\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>nteritidis) obtained from humans and layer farms in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>elgium collected during 2000\u20132010. Three periods were compared, namely (i) before implementation of vaccination (2000\u20132004), (ii) during voluntary vaccination (2005\u20132006) and (iii) during implementation of the national control program (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NCP<\/jats:styled-content>) for <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>almonella<\/jats:italic> including mandatory vaccination against <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>nteritidis (2007\u20132010). The characteristics compared across time periods were distributions of phage type and multiple\u2010locus variable number tandem\u2010repeat assay (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MLVA<\/jats:styled-content>). While <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>4 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>21 were predominantly isolated in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>elgium in layers and humans before 2007, a significant reduction of those <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>s was observed in both populations in the period 2007\u20132010. The relative proportion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>4b, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>21c and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>6c was found to have increased considerably in the layer population since 2007. In the human population, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>8, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>1 and the group of \u2018other\u2019 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PT<\/jats:styled-content>s were more frequently isolated compared to the previous periods. When comparing the proportion of the predominant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MLVA<\/jats:styled-content> types <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<\/jats:styled-content>2 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">U<\/jats:styled-content>2, no significant difference was found between the layer and human population in the three periods and between periods within each category (layer and human). A significant difference in isolate distribution among <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MLVA<\/jats:styled-content> clusters <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> was found between human and layer isolates recovered during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>eriod 3 and in the human population between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>eriod 1 and 3. Results suggest that the association between <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>.\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>nteritidis in layers and the occurrence of the pathogen in humans changed since implementation of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NCP<\/jats:styled-content> in 2007.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,25]],"date-time":"2013-11-25T10:23:55Z","timestamp":1385375035000},"page":"398-404","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Phage and <scp>MLVA<\/scp> Typing of <i><scp>S<\/scp>almonella<\/i> Enteritidis Isolated from Layers and Humans in <scp>B<\/scp>elgium from 2000\u20132010, A Period in which Vaccination of Laying Hens was Introduced"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"I.","family":"Dewaele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO) Technology and Food Science Unit Melle Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Heyndrickx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO) Technology and Food Science Unit Melle Belgium"},{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases Ghent University Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Rasschaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO) Technology and Food Science Unit Melle Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Bertrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Shigella Bacterial Diseases Division Scientific Institute of Public Health (IPH) Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Wildemauwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Shigella Bacterial Diseases Division Scientific Institute of Public Health (IPH) Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Wattiau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre (CODA\u2010CERVA) Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Imberechts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre (CODA\u2010CERVA) Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Herman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO) Technology and Food Science Unit Melle Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Ducatelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases Ghent University Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Van Weyenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO) Technology and Food Science Unit Melle Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"De Reu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO) Technology and Food Science Unit Melle Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2008.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268803001559"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268898001794"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03415.x","article-title":"Conversion of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 4 to phage type 7 involves loss of lipopolysaccharide with concomitant loss of virulence","volume":"51","author":"Chart H.","year":"1989","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. 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