{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:18:38Z","timestamp":1791303518983,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,3]],"date-time":"2014-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human illness due to infections with <jats:italic>Escherichia coli <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>157 is a serious health concern. Infection occurs through direct contact with infected animals or their faeces, through contaminated food or water and\/or through person\u2010to\u2010person transmission. A reduction in faecal <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>157 shedding in cattle might reduce the burden of human infections. We used systematic review and meta\u2010analysis to assess the efficacy of direct\u2010fed microbials (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFM<\/jats:styled-content>), compared with placebo or no treatment, fed during the pre\u2010harvest stage of production in reducing faecal <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>157 shedding in beef cattle during field trials. Four electronic databases, Nebraska Beef Reports and review article reference lists were searched. A total of 16 publications assessing faecal shedding at the end of the trial and\/or throughout the trial period were included. The majority of publicly disseminated trials evaluated the prevalence of <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>157 faecal shedding; only two evaluated the concentration of organisms in faeces. The prevalence of faecal <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>157 shedding in cattle is significantly reduced by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFM<\/jats:styled-content> treatments (summary effect size for all <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFM<\/jats:styled-content> \u2013 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.46; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.36\u20130.60). The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFM<\/jats:styled-content> combination <jats:italic>Lactobacillus acidophilus<\/jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NP<\/jats:styled-content>51) and <jats:italic>Propionibacterium freudenreichii<\/jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NP<\/jats:styled-content>24) was more efficacious in reducing the prevalence of faecal <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic> O157 shedding at the time of harvest and throughout the trial period compared with the group of other <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFM<\/jats:styled-content>, although this difference was not statistically significant. Furthermore, we found that the combination [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NP<\/jats:styled-content>51 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NP<\/jats:styled-content>24] treatment was more efficacious in reducing the prevalence of faecal <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>157 shedding at the time of harvest and throughout the trial period when fed at the dose of 10<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFU<\/jats:styled-content>\/animal\/day than any lesser amount, although this difference was not statistically significant. Feeding beef cattle <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFM<\/jats:styled-content> during the pre\u2010harvest stage of production reduces the prevalence of <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>157 faecal shedding and might effectively reduce human infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,3]],"date-time":"2014-04-03T07:21:15Z","timestamp":1396509675000},"page":"75-89","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["The Use of Direct\u2010Fed Microbials to Reduce Shedding of <i>Escherichia coli<\/i> O157 in Beef Cattle: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"L. V.","family":"Wisener","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Medicine University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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