{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T00:44:18Z","timestamp":1781916258666,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,21]],"date-time":"2014-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human infections with <jats:italic>Francisella tularensis<\/jats:italic> can be acquired via numerous routes, including ingestion, inhalation, arthropod bite or direct contact with infected animals. Since 1991, there have been 25 reported cases of tularaemia in North Carolina, most of which were associated with rabbit hunting or cat bites. We present two adults cases of pulmonary and oropharyngeal tularaemia and review the reported cases since 1991\u20132013. We also present the fifth case of pulmonary empyema. While cavitary pneumonias are primarily treated with drainage, we illustrate a case of cavitary pneumonia associated with tularaemia successfully treated with oral ciprofloxacin after drainage. Tularaemia should be considered in patients with a perplexing radiographic image, animal exposure and lack of response to conventional empiric broad\u2010spectrum antibiotics. Even in serious cases of pneumonic tularaemia, fluoroquinolones may provide a suitable alternative to aminoglycosides.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,21]],"date-time":"2014-03-21T14:27:14Z","timestamp":1395412034000},"page":"159-164","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Hunting For Tularaemia \u2013 A Review of Cases in North Carolina"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"R. H.","family":"Rimawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases Brody School of Medicine East Carolina University Greenville NC USA"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Brody School of Medicine East Carolina University Greenville NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. B.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases Brody School of Medicine East Carolina University Greenville NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. A.","family":"Chowdhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Brody School of Medicine East Carolina University Greenville NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. P.","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases Brody School of Medicine East Carolina University Greenville NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2010.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Surveillance, response systems, and evidence updates on emerging zoonoses: the role of one health","volume":"13","author":"Asokan G.V.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect Ecol Epidemiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1941.00200010053004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00108-013-3254-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-009-1274-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585(2007)44[389:ACFRRO]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198507000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"181","article-title":"Center for disease control and prevention","volume":"51","author":"Hayes E.","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Weekly"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/10.1.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"74","article-title":"Studies on human infection with Pasteurella tularensis; comparison of streptomycin and chloramphenicol in the prophylaxis of clinical disease","volume":"70","author":"McCrumb F.R.","year":"1957","journal-title":"Trans. Assoc. Am. Physicians"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2007.0125"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"NC Department of Health and Human Services.NC Communicable Diseases Report. Available from:http:\/\/epi.publichealth.nc.gov\/cd\/figures.html#outbreaks. Accessed April 1 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.131.2.277"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2009.01318.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"Smith C. G. C.Williams M.Haskell andR.Saah.Tularemia in North Carolina.North Carolina Department of health and Human Services. Division of Public Health. Available from:http:\/\/epi.publichealth.nc.gov\/pdf\/en2010-2.pdfAccessed April 10 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"371","article-title":"Airborne transmission of tularemia in farmers","volume":"17","author":"Syrjala H.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand. J. Infect. 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